1. Biologically
1.1. Evoltionary Theorists - genders genetically primed for their roles
1.2. Cross cultural similarities
1.3. Hormones and Gender typing
1.3.1. Regulate sexual development
1.3.2. Body growth
1.3.3. Brain development
1.3.4. Neural activity
1.4. Play styles determined by hormones
1.5. Exceptional sexual behaviour
1.5.1. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
1.5.2. Androgen insensitivity syndrome
1.5.3. Other sexual ambiguitues
2. Environmentally
2.1. Research - Environmental forces powerful for gender role adoption
2.2. Perceptions and expectations of adults
2.3. Treatment by parents
2.3.1. Infants and early childhood
2.3.1.1. Parents create gender specific environs
2.3.1.2. Babies given specific toys
2.3.1.3. Boys encouraged to be strong & independent
2.3.1.4. Girls encouraged to engage in household activities, conversion= emotional & supportive
2.3.2. Middle childhood and adolescence
2.3.2.1. Issues of achievement become NB to parents
2.3.2.2. Gender Orientated chores
2.4. Treatment by teachers
2.4.1. Genders line up seperatly
2.4.2. Using gender reinforcement
2.5. Peers
2.5.1. Associate themselves with same-sex= gender-role learning
2.5.2. Reinforce each other by praising, imitating & joining in
2.5.3. Cross-gender play= criticism, pressure to change, physical bullying
2.6. Siblings
2.6.1. NB effect - size of family & position in family