Aplastic Anemia

1. Etiology

1.1. Bone Marrow Failure/Decreased Production

1.2. Increased Hemolysis

1.3. Acute Blood loss d/t trauma/Burns/Frostbite

2. Signs and Symptoms/Common Findings

2.1. Pallor

2.1.1. Midterm

2.2. Palpitations

2.3. Headaches

2.4. Dyspnea

2.5. Fatique

2.6. Edema

2.7. Petechia

2.8. Recurrent Infections

3. Diagnostic Tests

3.1. Complete Blood Count

3.1.1. Research and prepare experiment

3.2. Hepatitis Panel

3.3. Transaminase Bilirubin

3.4. Lactate

3.5. Dehydrogenase

3.6. Bone Marrow Biopy

4. Less-Common Findings

4.1. Tissue Hypoxia

4.1.1. New vocabulary

4.2. Shock

4.3. Hypotension

4.4. Coronary and/or Pulmonary insufficiency

4.5. Hypovolemia

5. Treatments

5.1. Immunosuppressants

5.2. Growth Factors

5.3. Chelating Agents

5.4. Blood Transfusion

5.5. Hematopoietic cell transplant

6. Cyclosporin, Methylprednisone

7. Eltrombopag, Sargramostin, Filgrastim

8. Deferoxamine, Deferasiox

9. Irradiated and leukoreduced

10. Infectious Etiology

11. Viral Hepatitis, Infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus

12. Pathophysiology

13. Erythroid precursor develops in bone marrow-differentiates to

14. Differentiates to Progenitor cells

15. Then to Erythroblasts to normoblasts, requiring growth factors and cytokines

16. Red Blood Cells: are responsible for delivering oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the tissue and CO2 from the tissues to the lungs (gas exchange)

17. Causative Factors: Vascular disease, hepatitis, autoimmune, Folate ond/or B12 deficiency