1. Operations Management
1.1. Technology
1.1.1. Innovation
1.2. Supply chain management
1.2.1. Vertical integration
1.2.2. Outsourcing
1.2.2.1. No investment capital
1.2.2.2. Competitive/comparative advantage
1.2.2.3. Economies of scale
1.3. Transformation model
1.3.1. Input/process/output
1.4. Operations strategy
1.4.1. Capacity and facilities
1.4.2. Supply chain development
1.4.3. Technology
1.4.4. Workforce
1.4.5. Slack and Lewis (2002)
1.5. Operational risk
1.5.1. Hazard
1.5.2. Likelihood
1.5.3. Impact
1.5.4. Risk
1.6. Operational resilience
1.7. Quality
1.7.1. Quality gaps model (Parasuraman et al 1985)
1.7.2. Managing quality
1.7.2.1. Correct employment
1.7.2.2. Quality control (QC)
1.7.2.3. Quality assurance (QA)
1.7.3. Continuous improvement
1.7.4. Mistakes
1.7.4.1. Costly
1.7.4.1.1. Cheaper to prevent than fix (Moore and Walley)
2. Human Resources
2.1. Employee relations
2.1.1. Gender pay gap
2.1.2. Flexibility
2.1.2.1. Flexitime
2.1.2.2. Work from home
2.1.2.3. Self employed
2.1.2.4. Cost effective
2.1.3. Empowerment
2.2. Labour shortage
2.2.1. Immigration
2.3. Stakeholders (Bloom)
2.3.1. Client/consumer
2.3.2. Employee
2.3.3. Government
2.3.4. Supplier
2.3.5. Investor/lender
2.4. Change management
2.4.1. Innovation
2.4.2. Resistance to change
2.4.2.1. Kotter's 8 steps
2.4.3. Creating sustainable transformation
2.4.3.1. Motivate
2.4.3.2. Persuade
2.5. Globalisation
2.5.1. Convergence
2.5.1.1. Conforming
2.5.2. Divergence
2.5.2.1. "Glocalisation"
2.5.2.2. Parent culture/respond locally
2.5.3. Crossvergence
2.5.3.1. Respond to need
2.5.3.2. Innovative
3. Accounting and Finance
3.1. Tax and exchange rates
3.1.1. Remaining competitive
3.1.1.1. Saving money
3.1.2. International appeal
3.2. Securing investment
3.3. Value
3.3.1. Creating
3.3.2. Measuring
3.3.2.1. How to measure
3.3.2.1.1. Historical cost measures
3.3.2.1.2. Deprival value
3.3.2.1.3. Fair value
3.3.3. Shared value
3.3.3.1. Creating shared value (CSV)
3.3.3.1.1. Porter and Kramer (2011)
3.3.3.1.2. Economic and societal gains
3.4. Finance
3.4.1. Retained earning/working capital management
3.4.2. Debt factoring
3.4.3. Overdraft
3.4.4. Lease
3.4.5. Equity finance
3.4.6. Venture capital/private equity
3.4.6.1. Hedge funds
4. Marketing
4.1. Brands
4.1.1. Local
4.1.2. Global
4.1.3. International
4.2. Promotion mix
4.2.1. Communications
4.2.1.1. Advertising
4.2.1.2. Personal selling
4.2.1.3. Direct marketing
4.2.1.4. Digital marketing
4.2.1.5. Sales promotion
4.2.1.6. Sponsorship
4.2.1.7. Public relations
4.3. Crises
4.3.1. Crisis response
4.3.2. Crisis management
4.4. Micro/macro environment
4.4.1. PESTLE
4.4.1.1. Political
4.4.1.2. Economic
4.4.1.3. Social
4.4.1.4. Technological
4.4.1.5. Legal
4.4.1.6. Environmental
4.5. Relationship marketing
4.5.1. Loyalty
4.5.2. Maintaining relationships
4.5.3. Exceeding customer service expectations
4.6. Pricing
4.6.1. Cost based
4.6.2. Competitor based
4.6.3. Customer based