1. Northern Humanism
1.1. Gutenburg Effect
1.1.1. explosion of printing
1.1.1.1. Scriptoria = book makers
1.1.2. privitization of reading
1.2. Erasmus criticizes superstitions
1.2.1. rethinking religion
1.2.2. Praise of Folly (1511)
1.3. Thomas Moore (1478-1535)
1.3.1. concern about social equality
1.3.2. concern about coercive power of state
1.3.3. Utopia (1516)
2. Baldassare Castiglione (1478-1529)
2.1. Book of the Courtier (1516)
2.1.1. Renaissance Man
3. Competition drives achievements
3.1. Competition among cities
3.1.1. drives creation of state
3.2. Competition among artists
3.2.1. Medicis (1444)
3.2.1.1. rich and have good taste
3.2.2. Popes
3.2.2.1. territorial leaders
3.3. Competition among courtiers
3.3.1. want to find employment w/ patrons
3.3.2. attached to court of the Duke
4. Italian Humanism
4.1. Celebration of human spirit
4.1.1. goes against"God is great, men are worms"
4.1.2. theological argument
4.1.3. artists express their individuality
4.2. Recovering Roman and Greek classics
4.2.1. hunt for early manuscripts
4.2.2. philology: birth of textual criticism
4.2.3. Constantinople's loss = Italy's gain
4.2.3.1. market for classical learning
4.2.3.2. Greeks go to Italy and become tutors