Translation studies
by Yussif Medina Aguilar
1. Central issues
1.1. Language and culture
1.1.1. Background
1.2. Type of translation
1.2.1. Intralingual: rewording
1.2.2. Interlingual: proper
1.2.3. Intersemiotic: non verbal
1.3. Decoding and recoding
1.3.1. SL... analysis transfer, restructuring... TL
1.4. Loss and gain
1.5. Untranslatability
1.5.1. Absences (SL or TL)
2. History
2.1. Problems of period
2.2. The Romans
2.3. Bible translation
2.4. Education and the vernacular
2.5. Early theorists
2.6. The renaissance
2.7. The seventeenth century
2.8. The eighteenth century
2.9. Romanticism
2.10. Post romanticism
2.11. The Victorians
2.12. Archaism
2.13. The twentieth century
3. problems in literally translation
3.1. Structures
3.1.1. content as matter
3.1.2. the complexity of the structure
3.1.3. deliberately extrapolates one level
3.1.4. discovers elements not basic and uses the text for his own purposes
3.2. Poetry
3.2.1. Phonemic translation,
3.2.2. Literal translation
3.2.3. Metrical translation
3.2.4. Poetry into prose
3.2.5. Rhymed translation
3.2.6. Interpretation
3.3. Prose
3.3.1. mistranslation of information
3.3.2. ‘subinterpretation’ of the original text
3.3.3. superficial interpretation of connections
3.4. Dramatic
3.4.1. extra-linguistic situation
3.4.1.1. rhythm, intonation patterns, pitch and loudness