Heart

1. Pathology

1.1. Atherosclerosis; hardening of arteries with a collection of cholesterol-like plaque.

1.2. Aneurysm; local widening of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall or breakdown of the will form atherosclerosis

1.3. Angina; chest pain caused by decreased blood flow to heart muscle.

1.4. Arrhythmia; abnormal heartbeat.

1.5. Congestive heart failure; inability of the heart to pump its required amount of blood.

1.6. Hypertension; high blood pressure.

1.7. Myocardial infarction; heart attac. An infarct is an area of dead (necrotic)tissue.

2. Veins

3. Venues

4. Tissue capillaries

5. Arteries

6. Treatment procedures

6.1. Cardio version; brief discharges of electricity passing across the chest to stop a cardiac arrhythmia.

6.2. Coronary artery bypass graffiti (CABG); vessels taken from the patient ‘t legs are connected to coronary arteries to make detours around blockage.

6.3. Endarterectomy:surgical removal of the innermost lining of an artery to remove fatty deposits and clots.

6.4. Heart transplantation; a donor heart is transferred to a recipient.

7. Laboratory tests & diagnostics procedures

7.1. Angiography: recording; (via x-ray images) blood vessels after the injection of contrast into the bloodstream.

7.2. Cardiac catheterization.(C.C); introduction a catheter into coronary blood vessels to measure pressure and flow patterns of blood.

7.3. Cardiac enzyme tests; measurements of enzymes released into the bloodstream after a heart attack.

7.4. Electrocardiography; recording electricity flowing through the heart.

7.5. Lipid tests:measurements of cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood.

7.6. Magnetic resonance imaging (MPR)producing an image by beaming magnetic waves at the heart.

7.7. Stress tests;an electrocardiogram plus blood pressure and heart rate measurements shows the heart’s response to physical exertion (treadmill test).

8. Blood vessels

9. Arteries

10. Aorta