1. Natural Disasters
1.1. Tsunamis
1.1.1. Tsunamis are caused by under water earthquakes that are caused by plates colliding and shifting,
1.1.1.1. Not a storm surge or a tidal wave, those are different things.
1.2. Volcanoes
1.2.1. A volcano is a crack in the earth's crust that oozes out lava.
1.2.1.1. shield volcano
1.2.1.1.1. These volcanoes are made completely of lava because their eruptions are mainly comprised of magma
1.2.1.2. Composite Volcano
1.2.1.2.1. These volcanoes are made of alternating layers of cinder and ash, because their eruption is more explosive.
1.2.1.3. Affects the coasts around the pacific pcean
1.2.1.3.1. Ring of Fire.
1.2.2. A volcano is a crack in the earth's crust that oozes out lava .
1.3. Tropical Storms
1.3.1. formed when Hot air and cold are mix and starts spinning
1.3.1.1. Hurricanes
1.3.1.1.1. Affects southern north america.
1.3.1.2. Typhoon
1.3.1.2.1. Affects southeast Asia.
1.3.1.3. Cyclome
1.3.1.3.1. Affects the areas around the indian ocean.
1.3.1.4. Blizzard
1.3.1.4.1. Affects northern north america and northern asia.
1.3.1.5. Saffir simpson scale.
1.4. Tornadoes
1.4.1. made the same way as tropical storms, but over land.
1.4.1.1. Affects the United states in an area called the Tornado Valley.
1.5. Earthquakes
1.5.1. shifts in the earth's crust that are caused by the tectonic plates rubbing against each other.
1.5.1.1. Happens around the area of the cracks between tectonic plates.
1.5.2. Are measured by the Richter scale.
2. Landforms
2.1. Fold Mountains
2.1.1. Himalayas
2.1.2. Fold mountains are made when two plates crash together and the rock between them fold up.
2.2. Plains and Lowlands
2.2.1. MAde of sedimentary rock under the sea, and as the seas drew, plains and lowlands are left.
2.3. Rivers and Valleys
2.3.1. Rivers are made from the ice and snow on the mountains that melt and flow down in summer.
2.3.2. Valleys are made when rivers erode through areas of rock, creating a V-shaped valleys
2.3.3. . U-shaped valleys are formed when glaciers go through them, carving them out.
2.3.4. Drainage patterns
2.3.4.1. Trellis
2.3.4.1.1. A rarer drainage pattern when a river cuts through alternating bands of harder and softer rock. It usually happens in fold mountains
2.3.4.2. Dendritic
2.3.4.2.1. Tree-like pattern that happens when smaller streams join up into a larger stream. IT is the most common
2.4. Active Volcanoes
2.4.1. A volcano is an opening in the earth's crust that allows lava to flow out, or erupt.
2.4.1.1. Shield volcanoes
2.4.1.1.1. These volcanoes are made completely of lava because their eruptions are mainly comprised of magma
2.4.1.2. Composite Volcanoes
2.4.1.2.1. These volcanoes are made of alternating layers of cinder and ash, because their eruption is more explosive.
2.4.2. happens around the Pacific ocean.
2.4.2.1. Ring of Fire
2.5. Ancient Shields
2.5.1. Huge chuncks of igneous rock that were formed by volcanic activity and was brocken apart as Pangaea broke apart.
2.5.1.1. Canadian Shield
3. Agricullture
3.1. the effect of climate
3.1.1. seasons have a big role in the producing of crops.
3.1.1.1. tilted earth has seasons because the earth is tilted
3.2. the effect of soil
3.2.1. Mny tpes of soil comes from many different types of places
3.3. Human farming.
3.3.1. subsistence
3.3.1.1. shifting cultivators
3.3.1.1.1. Shifting cultivators use slash and burn technique to clear a patch of land and use it until it is unfertile. then they move on to another patch
3.3.1.2. nomadic herders
3.3.1.2.1. NOmadic herding is when people lwead a group of livestock and brings it to pastures to graze.
3.3.1.3. small landholders
3.3.1.3.1. HAve small fields for theirselves and are on the edge of poverty.
3.3.2. commercial
3.3.2.1. Commercial agriculture is farming mainly for selling the products.
3.3.3. specialized
3.3.3.1. Specialized farming is when the farming is specialized for a type of food.
4. Climate
4.1. Types of Climate
4.1.1. Polar
4.1.1.1. it is caused when the climate is very cold.
4.1.2. Temparate
4.1.2.1. IT is an Okay sort of climate that is around the area below the equator
4.1.3. Continental
4.1.3.1. It is caused when the area is surrounded by lots of land
4.1.4. Tropical
4.1.4.1. It is caused when there is a lot of rain and humidity
4.1.5. Maritime
4.1.5.1. it is caused when area is surrounded by lots of water.
4.1.6. Desert
4.1.6.1. It is caused when the area is very hot and dry.
4.2. What affects Climate?
4.2.1. The Effect of latitude
4.2.1.1. this effect is based on where there place is, a cold place, or a hot place
4.2.2. The Effect of Mountains
4.2.2.1. if there are mountains in the area than it is a mountain ciimate.
4.2.3. GLobal Warming causes many different changes in climate.
4.2.4. The Effect of Ocean currents
4.2.4.1. This is based on how the ocean moves around it.
4.2.5. The Effect of water badies
4.2.5.1. if there is a lrge body of water around it may change the climate, by huidity and such
4.2.6. The Effect of Moving air
4.2.6.1. This effect is bsed on how the air around the area moves