Data and Data Representation

1. Bits, Bytes, and Words

1.1. Bits -Basic unit of information in computing -Variable that have only to possible -Binary digits,0 1

1.2. Bytes -A unit of digital information in computing -Eight bits -Number of bits -Encode a single character of text

1.3. Words -Natural unit of data -Fix sized group of bits that are handled together by system

1.4. Binary System -Base 2 numbering system -0,1 -Represent these entities with numbers requires a system geared to the concept of on and off or true and false

1.5. Octal System -Base 8 -Eight different digits available -0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7

1.6. Decimal System -Base 10 numbering system -Use to represent number -Each digit in the number is multiplied by 10 -Raised power corresponding to digit position

1.7. Hexadecimal -Base 16 numbering system -Used to represent sequence of binary digits and represent integers

2. ASCII Codes, Unicode

2.1. ASCII -Standard seven-bit code -Provide a standard to code various symbols -Each binary value between 0 and 127 represent a specific character -Works by assigning standard numeric values to letters, numbers, punctuation marks and other characters such as control codes.

3. Data Formats -Converting data into computer-usable form Computers -Process and store data in binary format Human Communication -Language,image,sound

3.1. Data Formats -Converting data into computer-usable form Computers -Process and store data in binary format Human Communication -Language,image,sound

4. Information -The data that have been processed and it conveys meaning for people

5. Process Data coding -Assigning a bit pattern to each character, digit, or multimedia object. -ASCII,JPEG,MPEG-4 Data Storage and Compression -Reduce the size of data to save space or transmission time -Lossless,Lossy Data Integrity -Protection of data -Involves Access Control Lists -Protect from being read,write,executed -Fix error data