1. 9.1
1.1. West Africa
1.1.1. Islam
1.1.1.1. North Africa
1.1.1.2. Halted in Europe
1.1.1.3. Equality
1.1.2. Internal Developments
1.2. Sub Saharan Africa
1.2.1. States
1.3. Unities
1.3.1. Bantu (Language)
1.3.2. Animistic Religion
1.3.3. Creator Deity
1.4. North Africa
1.4.1. Economically Prosperous
1.5. East Africa
1.5.1. Ethiopia and Egypt Were Cristian
2. 9.2
2.1. Islam
2.1.1. Changes in North Africa
2.2. Ghana
2.2.1. Rose to power by taxing imports
2.2.2. Islamic
2.3. Trade
2.3.1. Camels introduced
2.3.2. Sahel became place of trade because camels would die in forest
2.3.3. Oral tradition
2.4. Sudanic States
2.4.1. Had in common a council of elders
2.4.2. Territorial core area
2.4.3. Conquest states
2.4.4. Large states represent interest of ruling group
2.4.5. Islam
2.4.5.1. Fused with existing traditions
2.4.6. Slavery big part
2.5. Mali
2.5.1. Malinke created
2.5.2. Became model of Islamic kingdoms
2.5.3. Gold very important
2.5.3.1. Merchants called Juula
2.5.4. Sundiata
2.5.5. Sudan Cities resembled North africa
2.6. Songhay
2.6.1. Dominated Niger valley
2.6.2. Gao was capital
2.6.3. by 1500s dominated alot of Africa
2.6.4. Islamic
2.6.4.1. Strict tradition
2.6.4.2. Spread by merchants
3. 9.3
3.1. Society emerged in East Africa
3.1.1. Islam
3.1.1.1. Provided ethics
3.1.1.2. Trade easier
3.1.2. Trade big part of society
3.1.2.1. Ports along the coast
3.1.2.1.1. Kilwa, Beautiful city on the coast
3.1.2.1.2. Many more, 30
3.1.3. Many cultures
3.1.3.1. Islam made long distance trading possible
3.1.3.2. Swahili was dominant language
4. 9.4
4.1. Interior was also developing
4.1.1. Not yet literate, developing slower
4.1.2. Artistic skill
4.1.3. Islam still prevalent
4.2. Yoruba
4.2.1. Non bantu language
4.2.2. Small city states
4.2.3. Urbanized
4.3. Benin
4.3.1. Similar to Yoruba
4.3.2. Benin City was very big
4.4. Central Africa
4.4.1. Kingdoms
4.4.2. bantu
4.4.3. Not so much influenced by Islam, went south
4.4.4. Kongo forming on river
4.4.4.1. Firm Agricultural base
4.4.4.2. Good craftsmanship
4.4.5. Great Zimbabwe was center of Kongo.
4.4.5.1. Very impressive
4.4.5.2. In 15th century Centralized state formed
4.4.5.2.1. Controlled gold