Evolution

1. Gene flow changes allele frequencies by adding or removing alleles

2. genetic flow= movement of individuals into or out of a population

3. Natural selection = a process by which individuals with some inherited characteristic tend to survive and produce more offspring than individuals with the other inherited characteristic. The end result is a population of individuals better adapted to their particular environment

4. 4 mechanisms: Mutation, Genetic drift , Gene flow, Natural selection

5. Evolution is a change in allele frequency over time

5.1. There are different ways that evolution can happen

5.1.1. Mutations change allele frequencies by creating new alleles

5.1.2. Random chance = Genetic drift

6. Microevolution = changes within populations

6.1. Populations = a group of organisms that interbreed often

6.2. Macroevolution = changes in species (creation, extinction, etc)

6.2.1. Species = a group of individuals that can produce fertile offspring

6.3. 2 separated populations can accumulate small changes that eventually make them different species. Macroevolution is just microevolution over longer time scales