HEALTHCARE MODELS

1. OUT-OF-POCKET MODEL

1.1. 1. India 2. China 3. South Americ

1.2. 1. Only the rich get medical care; the poor stay sick or die •2) Most medical care is paid for by the patient, out-of-pocket •3) No insurance or government plan  

1.3. no-system” countries

2. THE NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE MODEL

2.1. 1. Providers are private •2) Payer is a government-run insurance program that every citizen pays into; has considerable market power to negotiate lower prices •3) National insurance collects monthly premiums and pays medical bills •4) Plans tend to be cheaper and much simpler administratively than American-style insurance •5) Can control costs by a) limiting the medical services they will pay for or (b) making patients wait to be treated

2.1.1. 1)Canada 2)Taiwan 3)South Korea

3. BISMARCK MODEL

3.1. •1) Providers and payers are private •2) Private insurance plans – financed jointly by employers and employees through payroll deduction •3) The plans should cover everyone and do not make a profit •4) Tight regulation of medical services and fees (cost control)

3.2. 1. Germany 2. Japan, 3. France, 4. Belgium, 5. Switzerland, 6. Latin America

4. BEVERIDGE MODEL

4.1. 1) Healthcare is provided and financed by the government, through tax payments •2) There are no medical bills •Medical treatment is a public service •3) Providers can be government employees •4) Lows costs ;the government controls costs as the sole payer

4.1.1. socialized medicin This is probably what Americans have in mind

4.1.2. Great Britain, Italy, Spain, Cuba