1. Anterior Pituitary
1.1. Prolactin
1.1.1. Stimulates breast growth and milk production
1.2. Follicle-stimulating hormone
1.2.1. Affects reproductive organs
1.3. Lutenizing hormone
1.3.1. Affects reproductive organs
1.4. Thyroid-stimulating
1.4.1. Controls secretions of hormones from thyroid gland
1.5. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
1.5.1. Controls the secretion of certain hormones from the adrenal cortex.
1.6. Growth hormone
1.6.1. Stimulates body cells to grow and divide
1.7. Attached to base of brain
2. Posterior Pituitary
2.1. Antidiuretic hormone
2.1.1. Causes kidneys to excrete less water
2.1.2. Regulated by hypothalamus
2.1.3. High concentrations constrict blood vessels
2.2. Oxytocin
2.2.1. Contracts smooth muscle in uterine wall
2.2.2. Contracts certain cells associated with milk production and release
2.3. Attached to base of brain
3. Hypothalamus
3.1. Corticotropin-releasing hormone
3.1.1. Rgulates ACTH secretion
3.2. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
3.3. Somatostatin
3.4. Growth hormone-releasing hormone
3.4.1. Control GH secretion
3.5. Prolactin release-inhibiting hormone
3.5.1. Restrains secretion of Prolactin
3.6. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
3.6.1. Regulates TSH secretion
4. Thyroid Gland
4.1. Calcitonin
4.1.1. Secreted by extrafollicular cells
4.1.2. Lowers blood calcium and phosphate levels
4.2. Thyroxine
4.2.1. Increase metabolism, protein synthesis, and stimulate lipid breakdown
4.2.2. Needed for growth and maturing nervous system
4.3. Triiodothyronine
4.3.1. Increase metabolism, protein synthesis, and stimulate lipid breakdown
4.3.2. Needed for growth and maturing nervous system
4.4. Located in the neck
5. Parathyroid Gland
5.1. Parathyroid hormone
5.2. Located on posterior surface of thyroid gland
5.3. Increases blood calcium ion and decreases phosphate ion concentrations
5.4. Stimulates resorption of bone tissue
6. Adrenal Medulla
6.1. Norepinephrine
6.2. Epinephrine
6.3. Located atop the kidneys
6.4. Effects of hormones similar to sympathetic nervous system
6.5. Hormones synthesized from tyrosine
7. Pancreas
7.1. Glucagon
7.1.1. Stimulates liver to make glucose
7.2. Insulin
7.2.1. Activates facilitated diffusion
7.3. Somatostatin
7.3.1. Inhibits glucagon and insulin release
7.4. Located posterior to stomach and attached to small intestines
8. Adrenal Cortex
8.1. Aldosterone
8.1.1. Causes kidneys to preserve water and sodium and excrete potassium ions
8.1.2. Maintains blood volume and pressure
8.2. Cortisol
8.2.1. Inhibits protein synthesis, releases fatty acids, and stimulates glucose formation
8.3. Located atop the kidneys
9. Pineal Gland
9.1. Melatonin
9.1.1. Regulation of Circadian Rhythms
10. Ovaries
10.1. Estrogen
10.2. Progesterone
11. Testes
11.1. Testosterone
12. Placenta
12.1. Estrogen
12.2. Progesterone
12.3. Gonadotropin
13. Thymus
13.1. Thymosins
13.1.1. Increase specific white blood cells