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Sterilization by Mind Map: Sterilization

1. Physical Method

1.1. Heat

1.1.1. Dry

1.1.1.1. Red Heat

1.1.1.1.1. Redness

1.1.1.2. Flaming

1.1.1.2.1. Without Redness

1.1.1.3. Incineration

1.1.1.3.1. Dead Bodies

1.1.1.4. Infra Red Rays

1.1.1.4.1. 180 C

1.1.1.5. Hot - Air Oven

1.1.1.5.1. Precaution

1.1.1.5.2. Uses

1.1.2. Moist

1.1.2.1. Below 100 C

1.1.2.1.1. Pasteurization of milk

1.1.2.1.2. Sterilization of serum

1.1.2.2. At 100 C

1.1.2.2.1. Boiling

1.1.2.2.2. Steaming

1.1.2.2.3. Tyndallization

1.1.2.3. Above 100 C (Autoclave)

1.1.2.3.1. Principles

1.1.2.3.2. Uses

1.2. Filtration

1.2.1. Uses

1.2.1.1. Toxin

1.2.1.2. Sera & Vaccine

1.2.2. Efficiency

1.2.2.1. Serratia marcescens / 0.75 um

1.2.3. Types

1.2.3.1. Asbestos paper

1.2.3.2. Cellulose membrane

1.3. Irradiation

1.3.1. UVR

1.3.2. Ionizing irradiation

1.3.2.1. Cobalt 60

2. Chemical Method

2.1. Gases

2.1.1. Formaldehyde

2.1.1.1. room disinfectant.

2.1.2. Ozone (O3):

2.1.2.1. sterilization of water.

2.1.3. Aerosol

2.1.3.1. Vaporized / room disinfectant.

2.1.4. Ethylene oxide:

2.1.4.1. Lethal to all kinds of microbes

2.2. Liquids

2.2.1. Chloroform

2.2.1.1. 0.5% used for preservation of sera.

2.2.2. Phenol group

2.2.2.1. Stool & Sputum

2.2.3. Lysol

2.2.3.1. surgical instruments .

2.2.4. Salts of heavy metals

2.2.5. Formalin

2.2.5.1. Germicidal & Wool & vaccines

2.2.6. Halogens

2.2.6.1. Iodine & Tincture iodine & Chlorine

2.2.7. Oxidizing agents

2.2.7.1. Potassium permanganate H2O2

2.2.8. Alcohol

2.2.8.1. Need Water