1. Galvanic Facial
1.1. Using Current (Hz) the anode is is positive and the Cathode is negative.
1.2. Iontophoresis is used to introduce water soluble substances into the skin, Iontophoresis uses the principle that like charges repel and opposite charges attract to aid penetration of an Ionised ( + or - ) active product. Positive polarity only if desincrustation first .
1.2.1. CATOPHORESIS , Negative charged active Cathode, Alkaline reaction occurs producing following effects ... skin tissue softens *blood vessels VASODILATE *increasing Erythema *stimulates nerve ending *Emulsification and removal of grease *relaxing pores
1.3. DESINCRUSTATION, using a alkaline product on the skin , with a positive anode and a negative cathode and a positive polarity first then on to a negative polarity saponification occurs , breaking down and softening sebum , ideal for extremely oily or congested skin .
2. Unlike microcurrent facial , The VACCUM SUCTION , although an electrical machine , it has no electrical current running through it so clients who have metal plates/pins or heavy bridge work will be safe to use this machine , Vacuum suction works by helping the lymphatic system by manipulating toxins by gliding over the skin with the application of oil and using no more than 20% of suction .
3. Micro-current Facial
4. This facial treatment (electrical muscle treatment or EMS) uses the application through electrical pads and the use of electrodes being placed on the muscle to send electrical pulses to electrically stimulate the muscle as this results in tightening and toning the muscle giving mature clients more defined , contoured features , however over stimulation using electrical currents can cause the opposite effect due to tiring out the muscle and muscle becomes more relaxed. The current used in this machine is a Interrupted current.
4.1. Low frequency-direct current, between 10-120 Hz
5. High frequency Facial
5.1. Oscillating current - going back and forth 100,000 cycles per second, this is high voltage/high current, current is measured in Hertz
5.1.1. Once Oxygenated cream is applied to client and the gauze has been placed , the machine is turned on a small amount of gas is released into the electrode, once Electrical current hits oxygen Ozone is produced , creating a antibacterial and germicidal effect on the skin .
5.1.1.1. Gas Produced
5.1.1.1.1. Argon- Violet in colour
6. Photentiometer- Varies the voltage in the circuit, used to control intensity.
6.1. Volts, Amps and Watts
6.1.1. Voltage-pressure of current measured in Voltz
6.1.2. Electrical current- flow is measured in Amps
6.1.2.1. New Topic
6.1.3. Wattage-electrical power is measured in Watts
7. Electrical Components
7.1. Transformer - Alters voltage in AC circuited from one valve to another.
7.2. Rectifier - Changes AC to DC electrons, these can only flow in one direction.
7.3. Rheostat- Controls the amount/strength of current flowing through the circuit
7.4. Capacitor- Stores electricity’s energy and discharges it when necessary.
8. Electrical facial Treatments
9. Make sure both Therapist AND client have removed all jewellery or any metal on clothing as metal conducts Electricity.
9.1. Periodic Table of Elements
9.1.1. O =Oxygen
9.1.1.1. Ar =Argon
9.1.1.1.1. C =Carbon
10. Health and Safty
10.1. Keep water away from electrical equipment
10.2. Make sure all Electrical equipment has been PAC tested and in date .
10.3. Make sure no cables are broke or showing.
10.4. Make sure no cables are broke or showing.
10.5. Before using machinery, make sure machines are turned off and dials are turned down to zero
11. Protons= positive
11.1. Neutrons = No Charge
11.1.1. Electrons= Negative
11.1.2. The nucleus of atoms contain protons and neutrons
11.1.2.1. An Aton can not be split
11.1.2.1.1. Electrons ( negative charge ) orbit the nucleus
12. Current used in machines
12.1. Alternating Current used in general purpose mains machines supply
12.1.1. Direct Current used in Galvanic
12.1.1.1. Monophasic used in Faradic, current going in one direction, best for split padding ( negative pad is stronger therefore placed on the weaker muscle) .
12.1.1.1.1. Biphasic- current flows in both directions, this is best used for longitudinal padding on Faradic
12.1.1.1.2. Interrupted current is used in Faradic Machine .