1. energy
1.1. matter include energy
2. phase change
2.1. Matter can change from one form to another. The change of one state of matter to another is called phase change.
2.2. A phase change takes place when heat is added to or removed from a substance
2.3. four major phase change
2.3.1. freezing
2.3.1.1. Removing heat from a liquid substance can cause the substance to transition from a liquid to solid.
2.3.1.2. Transition from a liquid to solid is called freezing
2.3.1.3. The temperature at which a liquid freezes to a solid is called freezing point.
2.3.2. melting
2.3.2.1. adding heat to solid can csuse changing
2.3.2.2. solid to liquid
2.3.2.3. The temperature at which a solid melts to a liquid is called melting point.
2.3.3. condensation
2.3.3.1. removing heatfrom a gas can cause the substance to transition from a gas to liquid
2.3.3.2. Transition from a gas to liquid is called condensation
2.3.3.3. The temperature at which a gas condenses to a liquid is called condensation point.
2.3.4. evaporation
2.3.4.1. adding heat to liquid
2.3.4.2. Transition from a liquid to gas is called evaporation
2.3.4.3. The temperature at which a liquid evaporates to a gas is called boiling point.
2.4. two direct change
2.4.1. Sublimation
2.4.2. Deposition
2.5. the way of change
2.5.1. heating
2.5.2. cooling
2.6. Freezing Point– Melting Point: – Boiling Point – Condensation Point:
2.7. same temperture law
2.7.1. Freezing and melting point occur at the SAME temperature
2.7.2. Boiling and condensation point occur at the SAME temperature.
3. property of matter
3.1. Physical Properties
3.1.1. Qualitative properties
3.1.1.1. color
3.1.1.2. odor
3.1.1.3. taste
3.1.1.4. sound
3.1.1.5. hardness
3.1.1.6. texture
3.1.1.7. – Flexibility
3.1.2. how much mass takes up a certain amount of space.
3.1.3. Quantitative properties
3.1.3.1. mass
3.1.3.1.1. the amount of “stuff” in an object.
3.1.3.1.2. type of atoms the object and atoms are packed
3.1.3.1.3. Mass is measured in grams (g).
3.1.3.2. size and shape
3.1.3.2.1. the dimension and form
3.1.3.2.2. Length, width and height
3.1.3.2.3. Length, width and height are measured in meters (m)
3.1.3.2.4. Volume is measured in Liters (L) or meters3 (m3).
3.1.3.2.5. shape of an object
3.1.3.3. density
3.1.3.3.1. equals the mass of an object divided by its volume
3.1.3.3.2. measured in grams/milliliter (g/mL).
3.1.3.4. temperature
3.1.3.4.1. a measure of how hot or cold an object or substance is.
3.1.3.4.2. degrees Fahrenheit (°F) or degrees Celsius (°C).
3.1.3.4.3. indicates how much thermal energy an object has.
3.1.3.5. Conductivity
3.1.3.5.1. how well an object or substance transfers electricity or heat.
3.1.3.5.2. The transfer of electricity or heat is called conduction
3.1.3.5.3. conductors and insulators
3.1.3.5.4. Thermal conductivity
3.1.3.5.5. Electrical resistivity
3.1.3.6. Magnetism
3.1.3.6.1. is an invisible force exerted by some types of matter
3.1.3.6.2. magnets
3.1.3.6.3. magnetic objects
3.1.3.7. Solubility
3.1.3.7.1. how well a substance dissolves into another substance to produce a solution
3.1.3.7.2. Dissolve means to become incorporated into another substance
3.1.3.7.3. Solubility is measured is grams per 100 grams of water.
3.1.3.8. Viscosity
3.1.3.8.1. Fluids can be liquid or gas
3.1.3.8.2. a measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow.
3.1.3.8.3. thick and thin
3.1.3.9. Boiling Point
3.1.3.9.1. the temperature at which a liquid evaporates.
3.1.3.10. Melting Point
3.1.3.10.1. the temperature at which a solid melts.
4. Reactivity
4.1. how easily and fast a substance undergoes a chemical reaction.
4.2. easily and quickly reacts with other substances is said to be reactive
4.3. not easily or quickly react with other substances is said to be inert.
4.4. the change of a substance into another substance.
5. Chemical Properties
5.1. Corrosion (Oxidation and Tarnish)
5.1.1. how easily a substance will ignite or catch fire
5.1.2. chemical reactions with factors in the environment
5.1.3. Oxidation
5.1.4. Tarnish
5.2. Toxicity
5.2.1. degree to which a substance can harm living things.
5.3. Flammability
5.4. Combustibility
5.4.1. describes the how well a substance burns
5.5. Radioactivity
5.5.1. the particles released by radioactive atoms. Radioactive atoms make up radioactive matter
5.5.2. Radioactive matter is unstable
5.5.3. Only radioactive matter emits radiation.
5.6. . pH
5.6.1. a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is.
6. a change in a substance’s physical and/or chemical properties.
7. defination
7.1. take up space and have mass
7.2. mass is the mount of stuff
8. states
8.1. solid
8.1.1. atom tightly together
8.1.2. atom can not move
8.1.3. shape and volume
8.1.4. ice pencile
8.2. liquid
8.2.1. atoms loosely together
8.2.2. atoms can slightly move
8.2.3. no definate shape
8.2.4. water alcohol
8.3. gas
8.3.1. atoms very loosely together
8.3.2. atoms move constantly
8.3.3. no shape
8.3.4. water vapor oxygen
8.4. plasma
8.4.1. 4th matter
8.4.2. in the universe
8.4.3. like gas and gas can change into iy
8.4.4. can be manmand
8.4.5. light
9. changing matter
9.1. Physical Change
9.1.1. no new substance is produced
9.1.2. usually reversible
9.2. Chemical Change
9.2.1. produces a new substance
9.2.2. usually not reversible
9.3. The Law of Conservation of Mass
9.3.1. states that matter can change form or be rearranged, but it cannot be created nor destroyed.