1. Anatomy of a neuron
1.1. dendrites
1.1.1. short and highly branched processes
1.1.2. receive info from other neurons
1.1.3. make up 80-90% of a neuron surface area
1.2. axon
1.2.1. comes off of the cell body
1.2.2. consist of
1.2.2.1. axoplasm
1.2.2.2. axon hillock
1.2.2.3. axon collateral
1.2.2.4. telodendria
1.2.2.5. axolemma
1.3. cell body/some
1.3.1. consist of protein fibers
1.3.1.1. neurofilaments
1.3.1.2. neurotubules
1.3.1.3. neurofibrils
1.3.2. consist of organelles
1.3.3. Nissl bodies
1.3.3.1. clusters of rough ER and ribosomes; make the nervous tissue of gray matter
2. consist of neurons
2.1. Structural Classification
2.1.1. multipolar
2.1.1.1. one long axon with several dendrites
2.1.1.1.1. CNS; motor neurons that control skeletal muscles
2.1.2. bipolar
2.1.2.1. one main dendrite and axon
2.1.2.1.1. retina of the eye; inner ear and olfactory area of the brain
2.1.3. unipolar
2.1.3.1. one single process emerging from the cell body
2.1.3.1.1. also called pseudounipolar
2.2. Functional Classification
2.2.1. sensory/afferent neurons
2.2.1.1. carry sensory info to the CNS
2.2.2. motor/efferent neurons
2.2.2.1. carry sensory info out of the CNS to effectors
2.2.3. interneurons
2.2.3.1. located within the CNS between sensory and motor neurons
3. vertebrae protect the spinal cord
4. Peripheral Nervous System
4.1. motor neurons comprise the
4.1.1. Somatic Nervous System
4.1.1.1. controls skeletal muscles
4.1.1.2. controls voluntary movements
4.1.2. Autonomic Nervous System
4.1.2.1. Sympathetic Division
4.1.2.1.1. fight/flight
4.1.2.2. Parasympathetic Division
4.1.2.2.1. rest or digest
4.2. receptors
4.2.1. pain receptors
4.2.2. thermoreceptors
5. Central Nervous System
5.1. Brain
5.1.1. Brain Stem
5.1.1.1. controls
5.1.1.1.1. voluntary movements
5.1.1.2. connects
5.1.1.2.1. brain with the spinal cord
5.1.2. Cerebrum
5.1.2.1. largest part of the brain
5.1.2.2. controls
5.1.2.2.1. memory
5.1.2.2.2. language
5.1.2.3. process
5.1.2.3.1. touch
5.1.2.3.2. sight
5.1.3. Cerebellum
5.1.3.1. controls
5.1.3.1.1. voluntary movements
5.1.3.1.2. posture
5.1.3.1.3. balance