cells

1. organelles

1.1. nucleus

1.1.1. the 'brains' of the cell that contains DNA, undoubtedly the most important part of the cell as it will die without a nucleus

1.2. golgi apparatus

1.2.1. modifies, sorts and packages proteins to be secreted out of cell

1.3. endoplasmic reticulum

1.3.1. synthesises proteins and transports them to the golgi apparatus

1.4. lysosomes

1.4.1. removes waste material from the cell using digestive enzymes

1.5. mitochondria

1.5.1. the 'powerhouse' of the cell, the mitochondria provides energy for the cell by breaking down carbohydrates and fatty acids

1.6. chloroplast

1.6.1. contains cholorophyll which traps light energy for photosynthesis (applies to plant cells only)

2. eukaryotes

2.1. microtubules present for mitosis (cell division) , cell motility ( the movement of the cell) and maintenance of cell shape

2.2. found in multicellular organisms

2.3. DNA is kept in a nucleus

3. prokaryotes

3.1. are unicellular organisms

3.2. do not have a nucleus, the DNA is found in a region of the cell called the 'nucleoid'

3.3. no mitochondria, prokaryotes usually get their energy from glycolisis

3.4. transcription (where information from the DNA is copied to a messenger RNA) occurs in the cytoplasm as there is no nucleus

3.5. nuclear membrane permeability absent

3.6. usually have a flagellum