Pharmacology

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Pharmacology by Mind Map: Pharmacology

1. Endocrine Pharmacology

2. Gastrointestinal pharmacology

3. Chemotherapy

4. Autonomic pharmacology

4.1. Adrenergic

4.1.1. Angonist

4.1.1.1. Selective

4.1.1.1.1. Catecholamine

4.1.1.1.2. Non-catecholamine

4.1.1.2. Non-selective

4.1.1.2.1. Catecholamines

4.1.1.2.2. Non-Catecholamines

4.1.2. Anti-agonist

4.1.2.1. Alpha receptor Antagonists

4.1.2.1.1. Non-selective

4.1.2.1.2. Alpha 1 selective

4.1.2.1.3. Alpha 2 selective

4.1.2.2. Beta Receptor Antagonists

4.1.2.2.1. Non-selective (first generation)

4.1.2.2.2. Beta 1 selective (second generation)

4.1.2.2.3. Non-selective (third generation)

4.1.2.2.4. Non-selective (third generation)

4.1.2.2.5. Beta 2 selective (third generation)

4.1.2.2.6. Beta 2 selective (third generation)

4.2. Cholinergic

4.2.1. Angonist

4.2.1.1. Direct Acting

4.2.1.1.1. Choline Esters

4.2.1.1.2. Alkaloids

4.2.1.2. Indirect Acting( Anticholinesterase) reversible

4.2.1.2.1. Physostigmine

4.2.1.2.2. Neostigmine

4.2.1.2.3. Edrophonium

4.2.1.2.4. Demecarium

4.2.1.3. Anti-Cholinesterase Irreversible

4.2.1.3.1. Echothiophate

4.2.2. Anti-angonist

4.2.2.1. Antimuscarinic

4.2.2.1.1. Atropine

4.2.2.1.2. Scopolamine

4.2.2.1.3. Ipratropium

4.2.2.1.4. Cyclopentolate,tropicamide ,

4.2.2.2. Ganglion Blockers

4.2.2.2.1. Nicotine

4.2.2.2.2. Mecamylamine

4.2.2.3. Neuromuscular Blockers

4.2.2.3.1. Atracurium

4.2.3. Anticholinesterases

4.2.3.1. Organophosphate

4.2.3.1.1. • Malathion

4.2.3.1.2. Parathion

4.2.3.1.3. Dichlorvos

4.2.3.1.4. Diazinon

4.2.3.1.5. Sarin

4.2.3.2. Carbamates

4.2.3.2.1. Dimetan

4.2.3.2.2. Carbofuran

4.2.3.2.3. Carbaryl

4.3. Organophosphate Poisoning and Anticholinesterases

4.3.1. Note: Pralidoxime ie enzyme reactivating agent..... Diarrhea, urination,miosis, bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, excitation,lacrimation,sweating and salivation( Dumbbelss)

4.4. Receptors

4.4.1. Muscarinic (Metabotropic)

4.4.1.1. M1 and M2

4.4.1.1.1. Conformational change at receptor

4.4.1.2. M2

4.4.1.2.1. Stimulation of Gi protein

4.4.2. Nicotinic(ionotropic)

4.4.2.1. Binding of 2 ACh

4.4.2.1.1. Conformational changes

5. Blood pharmacology

5.1. Blood coagulation

5.1.1. Vitamin K

5.1.1.1. Vitamin K1(phytomenadione)

5.1.1.2. Vitamin K2(Menaquinone)

5.1.1.3. Vitamin K3(menadiol)

5.1.2. Anti-thrombotic Drugs

5.1.2.1. Anti-platelet drugs

5.1.2.1.1. Aspirin

5.1.2.1.2. ADP receptor inhibitors

5.1.2.1.3. Glycoprotein 2b/3a receptor inhibitors

5.1.2.2. Anti-coagulants

5.1.2.2.1. Oral

5.1.2.2.2. Parenteral

5.1.2.3. Thrombolytic drugs

5.1.2.3.1. streptokinase

5.1.2.3.2. alteplase, reteplase, tenecteplase

5.1.2.3.3. Urokinase

5.1.2.4. Anti-fibrinolytic

5.1.2.4.1. Aminocaproic acid

5.1.2.4.2. Tranexamic acid

5.1.2.4.3. Desmopressin

5.2. Anaemias and haematological disorders

5.2.1. Iron

5.2.1.1. Ferrous sulphate

5.2.1.2. Ferrous gluconate

5.2.1.3. Ferrous Fumarate

5.2.1.4. Polysaccharide iron complex

5.2.1.4.1. Iron Sucrose complex

5.2.1.4.2. Iron sodium gluconate complex

5.2.1.5. Iron dextran

5.2.1.6. Iron toxicity treatment

5.2.1.6.1. Iron chelators

5.2.2. Vitamin B12

5.2.2.1. Cyanocobalamin

5.2.2.2. Hydroxocobalamin

5.2.3. Folic Acid

5.2.4. Haemopoietic Growth Factors

5.2.4.1. Erythropoesis stimulating Agents

5.2.4.2. Colony Stimulating Factors

5.2.4.3. Interleukin 11(IL-11)

6. Cardiovascular pharmacology

6.1. Heart Failure

6.1.1. Beta Blockers

6.1.1.1. Bisoprolol

6.1.1.2. Carvedilol

6.1.1.3. Metoprolol Succinate

6.1.1.4. Metoprolol Tartrate

6.1.2. Opioids

6.1.3. Diuretics

6.1.3.1. Bumetanide

6.1.3.2. Furosemide

6.1.3.3. Metolazone

6.1.3.4. Torsemide

6.1.4. Angiotensin-converting Enzyme(ACE) inhibitors

6.1.4.1. Captopril

6.1.4.2. Enalapril

6.1.4.3. Fosinopril

6.1.4.4. Lisinopril

6.1.4.5. Quinapril

6.1.4.6. Ramipril

6.1.5. DIRECT VASO - AND VENODILATORS

6.1.5.1. Nitroglycerin

6.1.5.2. Isosorbide dinitrate

6.1.5.3. Hydralazine

6.1.6. Inotropic Agents

6.1.6.1. Cardiac glycosides

6.1.6.1.1. Ouabain

6.1.6.1.2. Digitalis glycosides

6.1.6.2. Adrenergic Agonist

6.1.6.2.1. Dobutamine

6.1.6.2.2. Dopexamine

6.1.6.2.3. Dopamine

6.1.6.3. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

6.1.6.3.1. Milrinone

6.2. Diuretics

6.2.1. Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors

6.2.1.1. Acetazolamide

6.2.1.2. Methazolamide

6.2.1.3. Dichlorophenamide

6.2.2. Loop Diuretics

6.2.2.1. Frusemide

6.2.2.2. Torsemide

6.2.2.3. Bumetanide

6.2.2.4. Ethacrynic Acid

6.2.3. Thiazides and Thiazide like Diuretics

6.2.3.1. Thiazide

6.2.3.1.1. Chlorothiazide

6.2.3.1.2. Cyclothiazide

6.2.3.1.3. Hydrochlorothiazide

6.2.3.1.4. Bendroflumethiazide

6.2.3.2. Thiazide like Diuretics

6.2.3.2.1. Chlorthalidone

6.2.3.2.2. Indapamide

6.2.3.2.3. Metolazone

6.2.4. Potassium sparing Diuretics

6.2.4.1. Na channel blockers

6.2.4.1.1. Amiloride

6.2.4.1.2. Triamterene

6.2.4.2. Aldosterone antagonist

6.2.4.2.1. Spironolactone

6.2.4.2.2. Eplerenone

6.2.5. Osmotic Diuretics

6.2.5.1. Mannitol

6.3. Hypertension

6.3.1. Diuretics

6.3.1.1. Thiazide

6.3.1.2. Loop diuretics

6.3.1.3. Potassium sparing

6.3.2. Central Acting Sympatholytic Drugs

6.3.2.1. Methyldopa

6.3.2.2. Clonidine

6.3.3. Alpha-adrenoceptors antagonist

6.3.3.1. Alpha 1 Adrenoceptor Antagonist

6.3.3.1.1. Prazosin

6.3.3.1.2. Terazosin

6.3.3.1.3. Doxazosin

6.3.3.2. Non- selective Alpha Adrenoceptor Antagonist

6.3.3.2.1. Phentolamine

6.3.3.2.2. Phenoxybenzamine

6.3.4. Beta Adrenoceptor Antagonist or Beta Blockers

6.3.4.1. Non-Selective Beta Blockers

6.3.4.1.1. Propranolol

6.3.4.1.2. Nadolol

6.3.4.2. Cardio-selective Beta 2 blockers

6.3.4.2.1. Nebivolol

6.3.4.2.2. Metoprolol

6.3.4.2.3. Atenolol

6.3.4.2.4. Betaxolol

6.3.4.2.5. Bisoprolol

6.3.4.3. Beta Blockers With Agonist Activity

6.3.4.3.1. Pindolol

6.3.4.3.2. Acebutolol

6.3.4.3.3. Penbutolol

6.3.4.4. Beta Blockers with Alpha Adrenoceptor blocking effects

6.3.4.4.1. Labetalol

6.3.4.4.2. Caverdilol

6.3.4.5. Beta 1 Blockers

6.3.4.5.1. Nebivolol

6.3.4.5.2. Esmolol

7. Antiviral Agents

7.1. Categories of viral agents

7.1.1. DNA polymerase inhibitors

7.1.1.1. Non-nucleoside

7.1.1.2. Nucleoside

7.1.2. Fusion Inhibitors

7.1.3. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors

7.1.4. Protease inhibitors

7.2. Respiratory virus infection

7.2.1. Amantadine

7.2.2. Rabavirin

7.2.3. Rimantadine

7.2.4. Zanamivir

7.3. For hepatic viral infections

7.3.1. Interferon

7.3.2. Ribavirin

7.3.3. Hepatitis C genotype 1-PI= telaprevir and bocepravir

7.3.4. Lamivudine

7.3.5. Adefovir

7.4. For herpes and cytomegalovirus viral infections

7.4.1. Valacyclovir

7.4.2. Acyclovir

7.4.3. Penciclovir

7.4.4. Trifluridine

7.4.5. Ganciclovir

7.4.6. Foscarnet

7.4.7. Famciclovir

7.4.8. Valganciclovir

7.4.9. Idoxuridine

7.4.10. Cidofovir: CM

7.4.11. Fomivirsen: CM

7.5. Human Immune Deficiency Virus(HIV)

7.5.1. Nucleotide /nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors

7.5.1.1. Zidovudine or AZT

7.5.1.2. Abacavir

7.5.1.3. Lamivudine

7.5.1.4. Stavudine

7.5.1.5. Didanosine

7.5.2. Non Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors

7.5.2.1. Nevirapine

7.5.2.2. Efavirenz

7.5.2.3. Delavirdine

7.5.3. Protease inhibitors

7.5.3.1. Indinavir

7.5.3.2. Nelfinaz

7.5.3.3. Saquinavir

7.5.4. Fusion Inhibitors

7.5.4.1. Enfuvirtide

7.5.5. Integrase inhibitors

7.5.5.1. Raltegravir

7.5.5.2. CCR5 Antagonist

7.5.5.2.1. Maraviroc