1. Fuels
1.1. Types of fuels?
1.2. Factors affecting fuel efficiency?
1.2.1. Density
1.2.1.1. Energy density
1.2.2. Calorific value
1.2.2.1. Importance of knowing this?
1.2.2.2. How this is calculated?
1.2.3. Composition
1.3. Sustainability?
1.3.1. Emissions
1.3.2. Renewability
1.3.3. Availability
1.4. Alcohols as fuels?
1.4.1. What makes alcohols effective?
1.5. Hydrocarbons as fuels
1.5.1. Why hydrocarbons are effective fuels?
1.5.1.1. Composition
2. Molar Enthalpy of Combustion (Calorific Value)
2.1. Factors affecting calorific value?
2.1.1. Density?
2.1.2. Shape?
2.1.2.1. Packing together of molecules
2.1.3. Number of carbons?
2.1.3.1. Calorific value of carbon?
2.1.4. Bond types and length
2.1.5. Chain length
2.1.6. Intermolecular forces
2.1.7. Number of hydrogens
2.1.7.1. Calorific value of hydrogen
2.1.8. Polarity
2.2. Necessary conditions?
2.3. Bond dissociation energy?
2.3.1. Factors that affect minimum value?
2.4. How to calculate?
2.4.1. Specific heat capacity
2.4.2. Heat transfer
2.4.3. Temperature change
2.4.4. Number of moles being combusted
3. Alcohols
3.1. What are alcohols?
3.2. What is homologous series?
3.3. Physical and chemical properties of alcohols?
3.4. Functional group of alcohol?
3.4.1. Effect on calorific value?
3.5. Shape of alcohol molecules?
3.5.1. Types of bonding?
3.5.1.1. Strengths of different bonds?
3.6. Alcohols as fuels?
4. Calorimetry
4.1. What is calorimetry?
4.1.1. How is calorimetry used?
4.2. Calorimeters?
4.2.1. Types of calorimeters?
4.2.1.1. Bomb calorimeters?
4.2.2. Working principles behind calorimeters?
4.2.3. Efficiency of calorimeters?
4.3. Makeshift calorimeter
4.3.1. Insulative materials
4.3.1.1. Styrofoam
4.3.2. Heat resistant materials
4.3.2.1. Beakers
4.3.3. How to design own DIY calorimeter?
4.3.3.1. How to prevent heat loss?
4.3.3.2. How to keep heat transfer consistant?
4.3.4. Conditions that need to be met?
4.3.4.1. Insulation
4.3.4.2. Heat resistance
4.3.4.3. Method of heating
4.3.4.4. Spirit lamps
5. Combustion
5.1. Factors affecting combustion?
5.2. Nature of combustion (exothermic).
5.3. Conditions needed for combustion?
5.3.1. Oxygen
5.3.2. Heat
5.3.3. Fuel