1. Lexicology The study of words and how they are categorized.
1.1. Nouns and noun phrases
1.2. Verbs and verb phrases
1.3. Auxilaries
1.4. Adjectives
1.5. Adverbs
1.6. Prepositions
1.7. Pronouns
1.8. Conjunctions
1.9. Determiners
2. Syntax The way words form in sentences.
2.1. Words and phrases
2.1.1. "The painting on the wall." Subject + Predicate.
2.2. Clauses
2.2.1. Independent Stand alone sentences that make sense by themselves.
2.2.1.1. Here is the forest.
2.2.2. Dependent They depend on another clause.
2.2.2.1. I was walking to the forest.
2.3. Types of sentences
2.3.1. Simple A single clause.
2.3.1.1. The dress is blue.
2.3.2. Compound Two independent clauses.
2.3.2.1. The dress is pretty and I would like to wear it to the party.
2.3.3. Complex One dependent clause with an independent clause.
2.3.3.1. If the dress is blue, I would like to wear it to the party.
2.3.4. Compound-complex One or more type of clauses.
2.3.4.1. The dress is pretty but I would only wear it if it is blue.
3. Semantics The meaning behind the language and its composition.
3.1. Denotive meaning The dictionary meaning.
3.2. Connotation The meaning the people give it.
4. Phonology The study of how sounds form together a language.
4.1. Phonetics The study of the sounds in the language.
4.2. Prosodic Features Different properties used for pronouncing.
4.2.1. Timing The speed of how fast or slow we talk.
4.2.2. Loudness How loud or soft we speak.
4.2.3. Pitch The melody of our voice.
4.2.4. Stress The differences of our pitch.
5. Morphology The formation and structure of words.
5.1. Morphemes The smallest unit of speech.
5.1.1. Free morphemes
5.1.2. Bound morphemes
5.1.2.1. Prefixes
5.1.2.1.1. incomplete indecent overwork rediscover
5.1.2.2. Suffixes
5.1.2.2.1. jealous marriage likewise heaviness
5.1.2.3. Infixes