HISTORY OF THE STRUGGLE RIAU DURING THE JAPANESE COLONIAL PERIOD - Syarla Diva Rania X MIPA 7
1. 3. Situation Towards Independence
1.1. A.Japan Takes the People's Heart In Indragiri, Japan used a very sympathetic approach tactic, that is, if they were trusted to be appointed as junsa (police), be paid a salary, and privileged. These people were used by Japan to collect taxes, rob, and extort the people's agricultural products.
1.1.1. In Siak, Japan told Sultan Siak Sri Indrapura that they would give independence to the Indonesian people as long as they wanted to help Japan in facing the Allied attacks by providing reinforcements for youths who took part in military training in Palembang, Bukit Tinggi, Medan and others to return. to the village of the page.
1.2. B.Confiscation of Japanese Logistics Equipment and Weapons To get weapons for Indonesian fighters in Siak through several efforts: a) Using the weapons of the Siak Kingdom palace guards stored in the warehouse, such as weapons, swords, kris, spears and kites. b) Spoiled weaponry from Japan during an ambush by fighters in Siak. c) Weapons obtained from Japan as a result of sympathy for the struggle of the Siak people. d) The results of divers and fishing for Japanese weapons dumped into the Siak River
2. 2. Resistance of the Riau People to Japan
2.1. A.People's Attitudes towards Japan Japan is considered to be the savior of society from Dutch colonialism, which initially was very friendly and kind to the Indonesian people. The community leaders who coordinated the remarks at Indragiri Hulu were Abu Bakar Abduh, Toha Hanafi, and Jusih.
2.1.1. This situation changed after Japan occupied all areas of Riau. Tama's friendly attitude turned rude. Japan banned the raising of the red and white flag, banned political and social organizations, and dismissed the rule of the sultans and kings throughout the Riau region.
2.1.1.1. The movement that led by Mahmud Marzuki and HM Amin was carried out in succession by conveying national spirit, maintaining unity and arousing hatred towards Japan. In Kampar, people deny Japanese orders not to pay taxes and violate Japanese regulation
2.1.1.1.1. After the advancement of the Japanese war on various fronts began to be restrained by allied troops, the Syu Sangi Kai (a type of residency level parliament) was formed. Its members were from the Indonesian nation which consisted of each gun sending two representatives, namely Gunco himself plus one person elected by a body formed Gunco.
2.2. B.Antipatient Attitude Toward Japan The form of Siak people's resistance to Japan in 1944 was in the form of a line of remembrance led by Pakih Aris who came from Seremban Malaysia.
2.2.1. The number of zikr members is 40 people including Zalik Aris. The place for remembrance is held at Tengku Johan's house, which is an old house in Siak Sri Indrapura, precisely in front of the Mempura River. Dhikr is carried out for about an hour.
2.2.1.1. In Pasir Pengaraian, the form of resistance was carried out secretly by hiding the crops in the forest and handing over empty rice to Japanese warehouses.
2.2.1.1.1. At Tembilahan there was armed resistance at Parit Baru (Enokku). The people are no longer willing to hand over their rice to the Japanese government. Despite repeated strong warnings, the people were still unwilling to hand over their rice.
3. 1. The suffering of the Romusha and the people of Riau
3.1. A.Japanese Occupation Development The construction of the Muaro Sijunjung - Pekanbaru railroad, according to Japanese military experts, has a strategic importance and reach to strengthen defense in the areas they occupy. Because the Riau area has an ocean port in Dumai and the Siak River.
3.2. B.Efforts To Find Labor Riau population is very lacking. If this is done by local residents from Lubuk Ambacang to Pekanbaru, it will oblige all male residents between the ages of 16 - 45 years and the workforce in this place is far from sufficient. To overcome the lack of agricultural produce, Japan brought in workers from Java
3.3. C.Suffering of Forced Labor Youths who come from around Pasir Pengaraian are required to work together to make a highway from Kota Pinang through the Mahato Forest to Pasir Pengaraian.
3.3.1. Heavy work when making the railroad, namely as Digging soils, hills to fill parts of the rail road which is marshy in low places from the end of the road or at the base of the road.
3.3.1.1. The Governor of Riau, (late) Subrantas Siswanto, on November 10, 1978, a monument of "Work Hero" was erected. To commemorate the sacrifice of the Indonesian people who were employed as romusha. This place has been buried ± 30,000 people who died.
3.4. D.The Suffering Of People Of Riau At Tembilahan the people were ordered by the Japanese to provide coconut fibers which the Japanese would use to make foot mats (doormats). Japan forces the people to provide an amount of approximately 2 kg every day.
3.4.1. The socio-economic life of the population was disturbed because rubber was not selling well in the market, so Japan ordered the people's rubber trees to be felled and replaced with rice and young plants.
3.4.1.1. The people of Riau who did not participate in the Japanese project had to intensify the cultivation of rice and secondary crops and expand agricultural land to prepare food reserves for the Japanese war.
3.4.1.1.1. In addition, in every yard of the house, people were ordered to plant jatropha trees. because many people are starving, as a substitute for staple food, many also eat gadung, taro, sweet potato / sweet potato skin and so on