1. Economy and Globalization
1.1. Economic Sectors
1.1.1. Primary
1.1.1.1. Agriculture and Natural Resources
1.1.2. Secondary
1.1.2.1. Manufacturing
1.1.3. Tertiary
1.1.3.1. Services
1.1.4. Quaternary
1.1.4.1. Research
1.1.5. Quinary
1.1.5.1. Management and Decision-making
1.1.6. The distribution of the sector within a country can provide insight as to how developed the country is ex. a country that is mostly primary is likely to be in a lower stage of the Demographic Transition Model
1.2. Trade
1.2.1. Globalization
1.2.1.1. International scale of the economy and interdependence
1.2.1.2. Pros
1.2.1.2.1. Economic growth
1.2.1.2.2. Competition leads to higher quality products and lower prices
1.2.1.2.3. Free trade policies
1.2.1.3. Cons
1.2.1.3.1. Income inequality exacerbated in developing countries
1.2.1.4. Causes
1.2.1.4.1. Technology is the primary cause with exponential growth in telecommunications and computing allowing for developing countries to compete in the international markets
2. Historical and Current Events
2.1. Heartland vs. Rimland Theory
2.1.1. Heartland Theory
2.1.1.1. Developed in 1904 by Harlford Mackinder
2.1.1.2. Claims that whoever controls Eurasia will become a global hegemon
2.1.2. Rimland Theory
2.1.2.1. Developed by Nicholas Spykman
2.1.2.2. Claims that whoever controls the area outside of Eastern Europe and Russia will gain global control
2.2. Threats to HDI
2.2.1. Conflict
2.2.1.1. Proxy Wars
2.2.1.1.1. Iran and Saudi Arabia
2.2.1.1.2. Cold War
2.2.2. Poverty and Hunger
2.2.2.1. Causes
2.2.2.1.1. Political Instability
2.2.2.1.2. Uncontrolled Urbanization
2.2.2.2. Solutions
2.2.2.2.1. IFI's
3. World Models
3.1. 2 World Model
3.1.1. Known as Wallerstein Model
3.1.2. Core
3.1.2.1. The rich, developed world
3.1.3. Periphery
3.1.3.1. The poorer, developing nations
3.2. 3 World Model
3.2.1. Builds off of 2 World Model
3.2.1.1. Semi-periphery in between core and periphery
3.3. 5 World Model
3.3.1. UDC
3.3.1.1. Underdeveloped Country
3.3.2. LDC
3.3.2.1. Least Developed Country
3.3.2.2. LDCs at a Glance | Department of Economic and Social Affairs
3.3.3. DC
3.3.3.1. Developing Country
3.3.4. MDC
3.3.4.1. Moderately Developed Country
3.3.5. VDC
3.3.5.1. Very Developing Country
3.4. Brandt Line
3.4.1. A model developed to depict the economic disparities between the North and South
4. Measurements
4.1. HDI
4.1.1. Human Development Index
4.1.2. Uses an aggregate of statistics to rank countries based on standard of living
4.2. GII
4.2.1. Gender Inequality Index
4.2.2. A ranking of countries where a lower score designates higher gender equality
4.3. GDP
4.3.1. Gross Domestic Product
4.3.2. Total value of goods, services, government spending, etc. within a country physically
4.4. GNP
4.4.1. Gross National Product
4.4.2. Takes into account revenue outside of the US
4.5. PPP
4.5.1. Purchasing power parity
4.5.2. Tracks inflation and true purchasing power of citizens in a country
4.6. GINI Index
4.6.1. Used to track income inequality