1. 3)Completing
1.1. Practice, practice, practice
1.1.1. It is rare for anyone to remember a speech perfectly.
1.1.2. Practise makes perfect!
1.1.3. Speaking in public = Acting (Must rehearse)
1.1.3.1. Stand tall
1.1.3.2. Speak confidently
1.1.3.3. Use the voice well
1.2. It’s natural to feel nervous
1.2.1. Pause to take a deep breath
1.2.2. Keep reminding that you are providing value
1.2.3. Don't rush
1.2.4. Eat lightly
1.2.5. Speak slowly
2. 4)Delivery of the message
2.1. Delivery of your speech
2.1.1. Your start.
2.1.1.1. Do not apologise
2.1.1.2. Be confident
2.1.1.3. Know the topic well
2.1.1.4. Be confident
2.1.2. Audience mood.
2.1.2.1. Be empathic with your audience mood.
2.1.2.2. Watch your audience’s body language.
2.1.2.3. Be professional.
2.1.2.4. Use good pace and drive.
2.1.2.5. Don’t be arrogant
2.1.2.6. Control your enthusiasm.
2.1.3. Your voice.
2.1.3.1. Be clearly audible.
2.1.3.2. Use a microphone if necessary.
2.1.3.3. Keep your head up.
2.1.3.4. Open your mouth wider.
2.1.4. Body language.
2.1.4.1. Positioning of our body
2.1.4.1.1. Stand in a good posture
2.1.4.2. Use your hands in proper gestures to support your points.
2.1.4.3. Good use of eye contact
2.1.4.3.1. Gains and holds attention
2.1.4.4. Placing hands in pockets. Pacing to and fro.
2.1.5. Your visual aids.
2.1.5.1. When using flip charts or white boards, write from the side.
2.1.5.2. Write legibly.
2.1.5.3. Do not block the view of the screen or flip chart.
2.1.5.4. Do not speak to the board or screen.
2.1.6. Timing.
2.1.6.1. End on time
2.1.7. Conclusion.
2.1.7.1. Finish with a bang
2.1.7.1.1. Audience go out with high note
2.1.7.1.2. Ask to action
2.2. Handling questions
2.2.1. Leaving questions until the end is a better timing
2.2.2. Look directly at the questioner
2.2.2.1. not just at the person who asked you the question.
2.2.2.2. Answer the question by also looking at the audience
3. 2)Writing
3.1. Brainstorm the topic.
3.1.1. Facts
3.1.1.1. Must know
3.1.1.2. Should now
3.1.1.3. Nice to know
3.1.2. Stories
3.2. Get the hard information
3.2.1. Gather sufficient evidence to back up your ideas
3.3. Write a draft and read it aloud
3.3.1. Introduction
3.3.1.1. Grab the audience’s attention
3.3.1.2. A clear and concise statement of what you intend to talk about
3.3.2. Discussion
3.3.2.1. Develop your arguments
3.3.2.1.1. Facts
3.3.2.1.2. Information from authorities
3.3.2.1.3. Keep your examples in a personal level
3.3.3. Conclusion
3.4. Use visual aids
3.4.1. Creates interest and to illustrate points
3.4.2. Can guide the speaker to remember the details of the presentation
3.5. Beyond the rough draft
3.5.1. Use cue cards
3.5.2. Develop your own key words
4. 1)Planning
4.1. Get to know your listeners
4.1.1. Know and understand the audience.
4.1.2. Help audience construct messages to guide them in knowing your knowledge
4.1.3. Answer questions strategically.
4.1.3.1. Achieve their needs
4.1.4. Learn your audience’s demographics
4.1.4.1. age, gender, cultural identity, ethnic background, race
4.2. Analyse the circumstances around your talk
4.2.1. Level of language and style
4.2.1.1. Number of people
4.2.1.2. Age group
4.2.1.3. Gender
4.2.1.4. Language
4.2.2. Time length
4.3. The location and the size of the audience
4.3.1. Room size
4.3.1.1. Seating arrangement
4.3.1.2. Layouts
4.3.2. Technical arrangement
4.3.2.1. Lightning
4.3.2.2. Microphones
4.3.2.3. Audio