1. Physical Quantities and Units
1.1. SI (Systeme International) Unit
1.1.1. Examples
1.1.1.1. Length
1.1.1.1.1. Metre (m)
1.1.1.2. Mass
1.1.1.2.1. Kilogram (kg)
1.1.1.3. Time
1.1.1.3.1. Second (s)
1.1.1.4. Electric current
1.1.1.4.1. Ampere (A)
1.1.1.5. Thermodynamic temperature
1.1.1.5.1. Kelvin (K)
1.1.1.6. Luminous intensity
1.1.1.6.1. Candela (Cd)
1.1.1.7. Amount of substance
1.1.1.7.1. Mole (mol)
2. Prefixes in Units
2.1. Example of common prefixes
2.1.1. tera (T)
2.1.1.1. 10^12
2.1.2. giga (G)
2.1.2.1. 10^9
2.1.3. mega (M)
2.1.3.1. 10^6
2.1.4. kilo (k)
2.1.4.1. 10^3
2.1.5. hecto (h)
2.1.5.1. 10^2
2.1.6. deka (da)
2.1.6.1. 10^1
2.1.7. deci (d)
2.1.7.1. 10^-1
2.1.8. centi (c)
2.1.8.1. 10^-2
2.1.9. milli (m)
2.1.9.1. 10^-3
2.1.10. micro (u)
2.1.10.1. 10^-6
2.1.11. nano (n)
2.1.11.1. 10^-9
2.1.12. pico (p)
2.1.12.1. 10^-12
2.1.13. femto (f)
2.1.13.1. 10^-15
2.2. Usage of prefixes
2.2.1. Shorten numbers which might be too large or small
3. Length
3.1. SI unit = Metre (m)
3.2. Definition
3.2.1. Length of path travelled by light in a vacuum during a time interval of 1/299792458 of a second
3.3. Common instruments used
3.3.1. The metre ruler
3.3.1.1. 1.000m<x<0.001m
3.3.2. The Vernier Calipers
3.3.2.1. +- 0.1mm
3.3.3. The Micrometer Screw Gauge
3.3.3.1. +-0.01mm
4. Mass
4.1. SI unit = Kilogram (kg)
4.2. Standard Kilogram
4.2.1. The mass of a cylindrical piece of platinum-iridium alloy kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures at Sevres, France
4.3. Definition
4.3.1. The mass of a body is the amount of matter it contains
4.4. Common instruments used
4.4.1. Electronic beam balance
4.4.1.1. +-0.1g
5. Time
5.1. SI unit = Second (s)
5.2. Definition
5.2.1. 9 192 631 700 times the period of oscillation of radiation from the cesium atom
5.3. Common instruments used
5.3.1. Digital Stopwatch
5.3.1.1. +-0.01s
5.3.2. Repetitive motion instruments
5.3.2.1. uses oscillations