Word formation processes

1. Coinage

1.1. ابتكار كلمات جديدة

1.2. The invention of a totally new term

1.3. The most typical sources are invented trade names for commercial products that become general terms

1.4. Other sources include name of person or a place They are the eponyms or antonomasia

1.5. Ex : pampers , Google , xerox , nylon , aspirin

2. Borrowing

2.1. اقتباص او استعارة

2.2. Is one of most common sources of new words in English

2.3. The words formed by borrowing of words from other languages are called loanwords

2.4. Over 80% of English words are loanwords

2.4.1. And they are from over 120 languages

2.5. Ex , alcohol, boss , pretzel , camera, suger , camel

3. Compounding

3.1. تركيب او جمع الكلام

3.2. Is the joining of two separate words to produce a single word

3.3. Ex , brainwash , bookworm , busybody

4. Blending

4.1. مزج الكلام يعنى باخد جزء من هنا على حته من هنا و يبقى احلى زبادى خلاط على فخادك

4.2. Is typically accomplished by combining the initial part of one word and the last part of another word

4.3. Ex. Brunch ( breakfast and lunch) Kitult ( kid and adult) Edutainment ( education and entertainment) Emoticon ( emotion and icon )

5. Clipping

5.1. تصغير او استسهال فى الكلام

5.2. When a word of more than one syllable is reduced to shorter form , the process is called clipping

5.3. Ex , exam , lab , gym , info , photo, ad

6. Acronyms

6.1. Is a type of abbreviation, which are new words formed from the initial letters of a set of words . They are pronounced as new single words .

6.2. Ex, NATO ( the north Atlantic treaty organizations) UNICEF ( the United Nations Children's fund ) CAF LASER

7. Abbreviation

7.1. اختصار

7.2. When we use initial letters separately : USA, USSR, KSA, IMF

8. Affixation ( derriviathion )

8.1. Is the most common word formation process and it is accomplished by means of a large number of small bits of the English language which are not usually given separate listings in dictionaries , these small bits are called affixes