1. Jazz Timeline
2. 1900-1950
2.1. Elements of Jazz
2.1.1. Diverse Tone Color
2.1.1.1. Piano
2.1.1.2. Plucked double bass
2.1.1.3. Percussion
2.1.1.4. Sometimes banjo or guitar
2.1.2. Rhythm, Melody, and Harmony
2.1.2.1. Syncopation
2.1.2.2. Rhythmic Swing
2.1.3. Improvisation
2.1.3.1. The heart of Jazz
2.1.3.2. Usually in theme-and-variations form
2.2. Roots of Jazz
2.2.1. Ragtime
2.2.1.1. 1890s-1915
2.2.1.2. Scott Joplin (1868-1917)
2.2.1.2.1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_dI6BZt06U
2.2.1.3. African American
2.2.2. Blues (1920s-1950s)
2.2.2.1. Chicago - Center of Blues
2.2.2.2. W.C. Handy (1873-1958)
2.2.2.3. Muddy Waters (1915-1983)
2.2.2.4. Bessie Smith (1894-1987)
2.2.2.4.1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1oKhVaKBRE
3. Swing (1920s)
3.1. Flourished from 1935-1945
3.2. Performed by "big bands"
3.2.1. swing band
3.2.2. riffs
3.3. Duke Ellington (1899-1974)
3.3.1. swing-band composer
3.3.2. arranger
3.3.3. conductor
3.3.4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KV8Hj_E8LJc
3.4. Glenn Miller (1904-1944)
3.5. Benny Goodman (1909-1986)
3.6. Richer and more varied harmonic vocabulary
4. Bebop (Early 1940s)
4.1. For small jazz groups
4.1.1. complex style
4.1.2. four to six players
4.2. Center was in Harlem
4.2.1. Minton's Playhouse
4.2.2. young innovators
4.2.2.1. Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993)
4.2.2.2. Thelonious Monk (1917-1982)
4.2.2.3. Charlie Parker (1920-1955)
4.2.2.3.1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okrNwE6GI70
4.3. Made up of solo improvisations
4.4. Extremely fast beat
4.5. More varied and unpredictable rhythms
5. Jazz Styles since 1950
5.1. Cool Jazz
5.1.1. Related to bop
5.1.1.1. relied more heavily on arrangements
5.1.1.2. more calm and relaxed
5.1.2. Lester Young (1909-1959)
5.1.3. Lennie Tristano (1919-1978)
5.1.4. Miles Davis (1926-1991)
5.1.4.1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZrfzenYhv9w
5.2. Free Jazz (1960s)
5.2.1. style not based on regular forms or established chord patterns
5.2.2. John Coltrane (1926-1967)
5.3. Jazz Rock (Fusion)
5.3.1. Late 1960s
5.3.2. acoustic wind and brass instruments along with synthesizers and electric piano, guitar and bass
5.3.3. Miles Davis (1926-1991)
6. New Orleans (1900-1917)
6.1. 1917 Storyville closed
6.1.1. Center of Jazz
6.1.1.1. Joseph "King" Oliver (1881-1938)
6.1.1.2. Ferdinand "Jelly Roll" Morton (1885-1941)
6.1.1.3. Louis Armstrong (1901-1971)
6.1.1.3.1. popularized scat singing
6.1.1.3.2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TV5J24we_dQ
6.1.2. Center shifted to Chicago , Kansas City and New York
6.2. A.K.A. Dixieland
6.2.1. Polyphonic texture
6.2.2. Based on:
6.2.2.1. a march
6.2.2.2. church melody
6.2.2.3. ragtime piece
6.2.2.4. 12-bar blues
6.2.2.5. popular song