1. Bony Sturcture
1.1. Hip
1.1.1. Bone
1.1.1.1. ilium
1.1.1.1.1. * posterior surface where glute muscles attach * Posterior, middle (anterior), inferior
1.1.1.2. ischium
1.1.1.3. pubis
1.1.2. Ligament
1.1.2.1. Ligaments
1.1.2.1.1. Extra-capsular
1.1.2.1.2. Intra-capsular
1.2. Knee
1.2.1. Ligament
1.2.1.1. Extra-capsular
1.2.1.1.1. 1. Patellar and patellar retinaculea
1.2.1.1.2. 2. Tibial (medial) collateral
1.2.1.1.3. 3. Fibular (lateral) collateral
1.2.1.1.4. 4. Oblique popliteal
1.2.1.2. Intra-capsular
1.2.1.2.1. 1. Anterior cruciate Ligaments
1.2.1.2.2. 2. Posterior cruciate ligament
1.2.1.2.3. Others structure
1.2.2. Anckle
1.2.2.1. Ligament
1.2.2.1.1. Lateral collateral
1.2.2.1.2. Medial collateral
1.2.2.2. Bone
1.2.2.2.1. Talis
1.2.2.2.2. Calcaneus
1.2.2.2.3. Cuboid
1.2.2.2.4. Navicular
1.2.2.2.5. Cuneiform
1.2.2.2.6. Metatarsals
1.2.2.2.7. Phalanges
1.2.2.3. Joints
1.2.2.3.1. Ankle joint
1.2.2.3.2. Talcalcaneonavicular
2. Muscles
2.1. Thigh
2.1.1. Anterior compartment
2.1.1.1. 1. Quadriceps
2.1.1.1.1. 1.rectus femoris
2.1.1.1.2. 2. Vastus medialis
2.1.1.1.3. 3. Vastus lateralis
2.1.1.1.4. 4. Vastus intermedius
2.1.1.1.5. Action: Knee extensors
2.1.1.2. 2. Sartorius
2.1.1.2.1. Action(longest muscles) : * Knee extensors * Hip flexors & lateral rotation
2.1.1.3. 3. Iliacus
2.1.1.4. 4. Psoas major
2.1.1.5. 5. Pectineus
2.1.1.6. Action: * Knee extensors * Hip flexors
2.1.1.7. Femoral nerve (except psoas major) L1-L4
2.1.2. Medial compartment
2.1.2.1. 1. Adductor longus
2.1.2.2. 2. Adductor brevis
2.1.2.3. 3.adductor magnus
2.1.2.3.1. Originate from * pubic part * ischial part (with hamstrings
2.1.2.4. 4. Gracilis
2.1.2.5. * Hip adduction * Knee flexion (Gracilis) * Knee Internal rotation
2.1.2.6. Obturator nerve L2-L3, (except adductor magnus
2.1.3. Posterior compartment
2.1.3.1. Hamstrings
2.1.3.1.1. * (Medial) 1. Semitentinosus 2. Semimembranosus
2.1.3.1.2. * (Lateral) 3. Biceps femoris
2.1.3.1.3. * Extension of the Hip * Knee flexion * Action with adductor magnus
2.1.3.1.4. Innervate by sciatic nerve
2.1.4. Gluteal region
2.1.4.1. Overlapping gluteal muscles (large)
2.1.4.1.1. 1. Gluteus maximus
2.1.4.1.2. 2. Gluteus medius
2.1.4.1.3. 3. Gluteus minimus
2.1.4.2. Lateral rotators of Hip(small 6)
2.1.4.2.1. 1. Piriformis
2.1.4.2.2. 2. Quadratus fomoris
2.1.4.2.3. 3. Superior gemellus
2.1.4.2.4. 4. Inferior gemellus
2.1.4.2.5. 5. Obturator internus
2.1.4.2.6. 6. Obturator externus
2.1.4.2.7. Lateral rotator of the hip
2.1.4.2.8. Innervate by superior gluteal nerve
2.2. Leg
2.2.1. Front of Leg
2.2.1.1. 1. Tibialis anterior 2. Extensor hallucis longus 3. Extensor digitorum 4. Peroneus tertius (maybe absent) 5. Extensor digitorum brevis (in dorsum of the foot)
2.2.1.1.1. Innervate by Deep peroneal (anterior tibial) nerve (branch of Sciatic nerve)
2.2.1.1.2. dorsiflexion of ankle
2.2.2. Lateral side of Leg
2.2.2.1. 1. Peroneus longus 2. Peroneus brevis
2.2.2.1.1. eversion of foot
2.2.2.1.2. Innervate by superficial peroneal (musculocutaneous) nerve
2.2.3. Back of Leg
2.2.3.1. 3 superficial muscles (calf) forming Achilles tendon
2.2.3.1.1. 1. Gastrocnemius (2 head) 2. Soleus 3. Plantaris {maybe absent}
2.2.3.2. 4 deep muscles
2.2.3.2.1. 1. popliteus, 2. tibialis posterior 3. flexor digitorum longus 4. flexor hallucis longus
2.2.3.3. Innervate by tibial nerve & Blood supply (tibial artery)
2.2.3.4. Plantar flexion
2.3. Spicial
2.3.1. Muscles may be absent
2.3.1.1. 1. Peroneus tertius ( fornt of leg)
2.3.1.2. 2. Plantaris (back of Leg)
3. Attach it structure
3.1. Anterior superior iliac spine
3.1.1. 1. Inguinal legiment
3.1.2. 2. Sartorius muscle
3.1.3. 3 Tensor fasciae lataeb
3.2. Anterior inferior iliac spine
3.2.1. 1. Straight head of rectus femoris
3.2.2. 2. Iliofemoral ligament
3.3. Acetabulum (above at)
3.3.1. Reflected head of rectus femoris
3.4. Ischium
3.4.1. Upper outer
3.4.1.1. Semimembranosus
3.4.2. Lower medial
3.4.2.1. semitendinosus
3.4.3. Lower triangular
3.4.3.1. Biceps femoris
3.5. Iliac fossa
3.5.1. Iliacus
3.5.1.1. Main flexor of Hip
3.6. Greater sciatic notch
3.6.1. Piriformis
3.7. Lesser sciatic notch
3.7.1. Obturator internus 2 gemellus
3.8. Femur
3.8.1. greater trochanter
3.8.1.1. 1. gluteus medius 2. gluteus minimus 3. piriformis 4. obturator externus 5. obturator internus
3.8.2. lesser trochanter
3.8.2.1. 1. tendon psoas major muscle 2. iliacus muscle 3. iliopsoas
3.8.3. intertrochanteric line
3.8.3.1. 1. joint capsule of the hip 2. iliofemoral ligament 3. Vastus laterralis 4. Vastus medialis
3.8.4. linea aspera
3.8.4.1. 1. Lateral, posterior, medial intermuscular septa. 2. adductor brevis, longus, magnus (hamstrings part) 3. biceps femoris (short head) 4. vastus lateralis and medialis.
3.9. Tibia
3.9.1. Upper zone of medial surface
3.9.1.1. 1. Sartorius 2. Gracillis 3. Semitendinosus 4. Medial collateral ligament of knee(tibial)