1. Nonverbal communication
1.1. Semiotics
1.1.1. "The study of the properties of signs and symbols and their functions in communication." (Stanlaw et. al, 90)
1.2. Paralinguistics
1.2.1. Voice qualifiers, characterizers, and segregate
1.2.1.1. Example of paralinguistics
1.3. Kinesics
1.3.1. "The study of body language." (Stanlaw et. at, 90)
1.4. Sing Language
1.4.1. It is a true language
1.4.1.1. American Sign Language
1.5. Writing
1.5.1. Protowriting
1.5.2. Cuneiforms and Hieroglyphics
1.5.3. Syllabaries
1.5.4. Alphabets
2. Development and evolution
2.1. Birth
2.1.1. Prelenguage
2.1.1.1. Desigh Features of Language
2.2. Growth
2.2.1. Evolution
2.2.1.1. Continuity
2.2.1.1.1. "speech must have ultimately developed from primitive forms of communication used by lower animals and that its study is likely to reveal that language evolved in a straight line over time." (Stanlaw et. at, 127)
2.2.1.2. Discontinuity
2.2.1.2.1. "human language must be recognized as unique, without evolutionary antecedents." (Stanlaw et. at, 127)
2.3. Death
2.3.1. This occur when the last of its speakers dies
3. Acquiring and using language
3.1. Acquisition
3.1.1. Behaviorist Psychology Theory
3.1.1.1. "the human environment provides language stimuli to which the child responds, largely by repetition' of what he or she is hearing". (Stanlaw et. at, 147)
3.1.2. Innatist Theory
3.1.2.1. There are at least some aspects of language that must already be present in the child at birth. (Stanlaw et. at, 147)
3.1.3. Sociocultural Theory
3.1.3.1. “The process of acquiring language is deeply affected by the process of becoming a com- petent member of a society [and] the process of becoming a competent member of society" (Stanlaw et. at, 149)
3.2. Brain
3.2.1. Neurolinguistics
3.2.1.1. "The branch of linguistics concerned with the role the brain plays in language and speech processing" (Stanlaw et. at, 149)
3.3. Multilingual
3.3.1. Code Switching
3.3.1.1. CODE-SWITCHING: Jumping Between 2 Different Languages
3.3.2. Code Mixing
3.3.3. Diglossia
4. Language though Time
4.1. Language family
4.1.1. Family Tree
4.2. Language typologies
4.2.1. Displaying Semantic Relationships
4.2.2. Displaying Words or Concepts
4.3. Change
4.3.1. Assimilation
4.3.2. Dissimilation
4.3.3. Metathesis
4.3.4. Loanwords and Borrowing
4.3.5. Neologisms
4.3.6. Semantic Extension
5. Language in Variation and Contact
5.1. Diolect
5.1.1. "An individual’s speech variety" (Stanlaw et. at, 179)
5.2. Dialects
5.2.1. Accent Expert Gives a Tour of U.S. Accents
5.3. Style
5.3.1. "Stylistic variations are not only lexical but also phonological" (Stanlaw et. at, 181)
5.4. Pidgin
5.5. Creole
5.5.1. Creolization
5.5.1.1. This process of expansion of a pidgin to other language functions (Stanlaw et. at, 187)
6. Language, Culture, Thought
6.1. The Sapir- Whorf Hypothesis
6.1.1. linguistic determinism
6.1.2. linguistic relativity
7. Anthropology
7.1. Physical
7.2. Cultural
7.2.1. Holistic
7.2.1.1. "Refers to concers with a system as a whole rather than with only oneof its parts." (Stanlaw et. al, 10)
7.3. Archealogy
7.4. Linguistics
8. Fundamentals of Linguistics Anthropology
8.1. Sound
8.1.1. Vowels
8.1.1.1. American English Vowels
8.1.2. Consonats
8.1.2.1. American English Consonants
8.1.3. Phone
8.1.3.1. "The smallest perceptible discrete segment of speech." (Stanlaw et. al, 48)
8.1.4. Phoneme
8.1.4.1. Allophoneme
8.1.5. Stresss
8.1.5.1. Pitch
8.1.5.1.1. Lenght
8.2. Structure of words and sentences
8.2.1. Morphology
8.2.1.1. "The study of word structure, including classification of and interrelationships among morphemes." (Stanlaw et at, 71)
8.2.1.1.1. Morphemes
8.2.1.1.2. Prefix
8.2.1.1.3. Suffix
8.2.1.1.4. Infix
8.2.1.1.5. Allomorphs
8.2.1.1.6. Derivation
8.2.1.1.7. Inflection
8.2.2. Noam Chomsky
8.2.2.1. Transformational-Generative grammar
8.2.2.1.1. Transformational rules
9. Language
9.1. Myths about language
9.1.1. Some languages are primitive than otther
9.1.2. Some dialects are demostrating that a person is uneducated
9.1.3. The more you know the better you know a language
10. The scientific study of language
10.1. Linguistic Anthropology
11. Study of language in its biological and sociocultural context (Stanlaw et. al, 17)
12. The Ethnography of Communication
12.1. "combination of the techniques of linguistic anthropology and classical sociolinguistics (Stanlaw et. al, 199)
12.1.1. speech community
12.1.2. Unit of Speech Behavior
12.1.2.1. Speech situation
12.1.2.2. Speech event
12.1.2.3. Speech act
12.1.3. Components of communication
12.1.3.1. Participants
12.1.3.2. Settings
12.1.3.3. Purpose, Channels, Codes, and Message Content and Form