1. Techology Layers
1.1. 1. Hardware
1.2. 2.OS Layer
1.2.1. Linux or Unix or Window or "Chrome OS" or "Mac OS" or Ubuntu or Fedora or Solaris
1.3. 3.Software/Application Layer
1.3.1. Web Servers
1.3.1.1. "Apache HTTP" or Nginx or "Microsoft IIS" or "LiteSpeed" or "GWS" or "Google Web Server" or "OpenLiteSpeed" or Hiawatha or "IBM HTTP"
1.3.1.2. Load Balancing
1.3.1.2.1. (“Round Robin” or “Least Connections” or “Weighted Round Robin” or “Weighted Least Connections” or “Least Response Time” or “IP Hash” or “Content-Based Routing” or “Adaptive Load Balancing” or “Chained Failover”)
1.3.1.2.2. ("Nginx" OR "Apache HTTP Server" OR "HAProxy" OR "F5 BIG-IP" OR "AWS Elastic Load Balancing" OR ELB OR "Kemp LoadMaster" OR "Microsoft Azure Load Balancer" OR "Radware Alteon" OR "Citrix ADC" OR "Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure" OR "Pound" OR "Traefik" OR "Zen Load Balancer" OR "Haproxy" OR "Avi Networks" OR "NGINX Plus" OR "Barracuda Load Balancer" OR "Plexxi Control" OR "A10 Networks Thunder ADC" OR "Loadbalancer.org")
1.3.2. Application Server
1.3.2.1. Examples of popular application servers include: Java-based Application Servers: **Apache Tomcat, JBoss (WildFly), IBM WebSphere, Oracle WebLogic.** .NET-based Application Servers: **Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS), ASP.NET Core.** Node.js-based Application Servers: **Express.js, Koa, Hapi.** Python-based Application Servers: **Gunicorn, uWSGI** Ruby-based Application Servers: **Unicorn, Puma**
1.3.3. Databases
1.3.3.1. **(RDBMS)/SQL Databases:** ("MySQL" OR "PostgreSQL" OR "Oracle Database" OR "Microsoft SQL Server" OR "SQLite" OR "MariaDB" OR "IBM Db2" OR "Amazon Aurora" OR "Google Cloud SQL" OR "SAP HANA" OR "Couchbase" OR "Cassandra" OR "Redis" OR "Teradata" OR "Informix" OR "Amazon RDS" OR "Percona Server" OR "Snowflake" OR "Microsoft Access" OR "OrientDB")
1.3.3.2. **NoSQL Databases:** (NoSQL or “No SQL” or “MongoDB” or “Mongo DB” or Couchbase or “Couch DB” or “CouchDB” or Redis or Riak or “Amazon DynamoDB” or “Dynamo DB” or “DynamoDB” or “Cassandra” or “Apache Cassandra” or HBase” or ScyllaDB or “Scylla DB” or Neo4j or “Amazone Neptune” or “ArangoDB” or “Arango DB”)
1.3.3.2.1. **Document Databases:** MongoDB, Couchbase, CouchDB **Key-Value Stores:** Redis, Riak, Amazon DynamoDB **Columnar Databases:** Apache Cassandra, HBase. ScyllaDB **Graph Databases:** Neo4j, Amazon Neptune, ArangoDB
1.3.4. Caching Systems
1.3.4.1. Redis or Memcached or "Varnish Cache" or "Apache Ignite" or Squid or "Amazon ElastiCache" or ElastiCache or "Microsoft Azure Cache for Redis" or "Google Cloud Memorystore" or "Couchbase Server"
1.3.5. API
1.3.5.1. **RESTful APIs** **GraphQL APIs** **RPC APIs** **WebSocket APIs** **Serverless APIs** **SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)** **XML-RPC (XML Remote Procedure Call)** **JSON-RPC (JSON Remote Procedure Call)** **OData (Open Data Protocol)**
1.3.6. Middleware
1.3.6.1. Types of Middleware **Message Brokers:** Handle message queuing and routing (e.g., RabbitMQ, Apache Kafka). **Enterprise Service Bus (ESB):** Integrates various applications by routing and transforming messages (e.g., Mule ESB, WSO2 ESB). **Remote Procedure Call (RPC) Systems:** Allow programs to execute procedures on remote systems (e.g., gRPC). **Object Request Brokers (ORB):** Enable communication between objects in a distributed environment (e.g., CORBA). **Database Middleware:** Connects applications to databases, managing queries and transactions (e.g., ODBC, JDBC)
2. 4. Development Layer
2.1. Top 15 programming language & their frameworks **Java:** Spring, Hibernate, Struts, JavaServer Faces (JSF), Grails **Python:** Django, Flask, FastAPI, Pyramid, Web2py **JavaScript:** React.js, Angular, Vue.js, Node.js, Svelte, Next.js, Nuxt.js **C#:** ASP.NET Core, Blazor, Nancy, Mono, Xamarin **PHP:** Laravel, Symfony, Zend Framework, Yii, Phalcon **Ruby:** Ruby on Rails, Sinatra, Hanami, Grape **Swift:** SwiftUI, Vapor, Kitura, Perfect, RxSwift **Kotlin:** Ktor, Spring, Javalin, Vert.x **Go:** Gin, Echo, Revel, Beego, Fiber **TypeScript:** NestJS, Angular, Deno, Next.js **R:** Shiny, Plumber, Tidyverse, RMarkdown **C++:** Qt, Boost, Poco, CppCMS, WxWidgets **Rust:** Rocket, Actix, Tonic, Yew **Scala:** Play Framework, Akka, Scalatra, Lift **Dart:** Flutter, Aqueduct, Angel, Shelf
3. 5. Presentation Layer
4. 6. Deployment & DevOps Layer
4.1. Containerization/Container
4.1.1. Docker or Kubernetes or K8 or "Docker Swarm" or Openshift or ECS or "Amazon Elastic Container Service" or GKE or AKS or "Apache Mesos" or Rancher
4.2. Continuous Integration
4.2.1. **Version Control Systems:** (Git or GitHub or BitBucket or "Azure Devops Server" or SVN or Subversion or "Apache Subversion" or GitLab or Mercurial or CVS or "Helix Core") **Automated Build tools:** (Jenkin or Gradle or "Travis CI" or Maven or Bamboo or CircleCI or Teamcity or "Apache Ant") **Automated Testing:** Selenium or Appium or Cypress or Katalon or "Katalon Studio" or TestComplete or "Robot Framework" or Cucumber or "Tricentis Tosca" or Tricentis