1. SYLLABLE
1.1. SYLLABLE FORMATION
1.1.1. 4 aspects
1.1.1.1. Articulatory
1.1.1.2. Acoustic
1.1.1.3. Perseptive
1.1.1.4. Functional
1.1.2. Several theories
1.1.2.1. Articulatory(R.Stetson)
1.1.2.1.1. The number of syllables is determined by a number of expirations
1.1.2.2. Sonority(O.Jesperson)
1.1.2.2.1. The most sonorant sounds tend to form the center of the syllable
1.1.2.3. Muscle theory(L.V.Shcherba)
1.1.2.3.1. The energy increases with sonorous phonemes
1.1.2.4. V.A.Vasssilyev
1.1.2.4.1. 3 characteristics of syllables
1.1.2.5. Loudness theory(N.I.Zhinkin)
1.1.2.5.1. Syllable is the arc оf loudness
1.2. CHARACTERISTICS OF A SYLLABLE
1.2.1. A syllable is a chain of phonemes of varying length
1.2.2. A syllable is constructed on the basis of contrast of its constituents (which is usually of vowel - consonant type)
1.2.3. The nucleus of a syllable is a vowel
1.2.4. The syllabic structure depends on the specifics of the language
1.3. SYLLABLE DIVISON
1.3.1. Rules
1.3.1.1. Identify the word stress
1.3.1.2. Identify written or spoken syllables
1.3.1.3. Identify the principles
1.3.1.3.1. PHONETICAL
1.3.1.3.2. GRAMMATICAL
1.3.1.4. Syllables don't start with 4 consonants cluster
1.3.1.5. If cons+[l], [l] will join the second syllable: TABLE
1.3.1.6. If we have a cluster of 2 cons., we should subdivide it into 2 syllables
1.3.1.7. Syllables can be identical to preffixes and suffixes
1.3.1.8. If we have 1 cons. in the word, a syllable ends after this cons.
1.4. FUNCTIONS
1.4.1. Constitutive
1.4.2. Distinctive
2. STRESS
2.1. PROSODY
2.1.1. Word prosody(stress)
2.1.2. Sentence prosody(intonation)
3. 4 perspectives
3.1. The type of stress
3.1.1. Melodic
3.1.2. Dinamic
3.1.3. Quantitative
3.2. The place of stress
3.2.1. Fixed
3.2.2. Dinamic
3.2.3. Primary
3.2.4. Secondary
3.2.5. Tertiory
3.3. The function of stress
3.3.1. Culminating
3.3.2. Distinctive