1. Psychological/Cognitive
1.1. Information Processing Model 70s-80s
1.1.1. McLaughlin
1.1.2. Input to controlled processing to automatic processing thru restructuring
1.2. Processability Model 1998-2000s
1.2.1. Pienemann
1.2.2. Concerns learnability and teachability of an L2 structures. 6 stages: words, word order, phrases etc.
1.3. Anderson's ACT Model 70s,onward
1.3.1. Declarative, procedural knowledge. Practice
1.3.2. Anderson
1.4. Teachability Hypothesis 80s-90s
1.4.1. Pienemann
1.4.2. Teach structures from the next stage for max effectiveness
1.5. Perceptual Saliency Approach 70s
1.5.1. Andersen
1.5.2. Beginning and end of sentences easier to remember, therefore easier for learners to acquire. PS predicts acquisition order.
1.6. Operating Principles 70s
1.6.1. Slobin
1.6.2. Data-driven rules of thumb to explain order of acquisition. ex: Pay attn. to ends of words. Avoid exceptions, and so on
1.7. Connectionism 80s
1.7.1. Rumelhart, Mccleland, Ellis, Schmidt
1.7.2. Brain builds links. Change input to patterns. Patterns strengthened by repetition. LL is the extraction of patterns resulting in rule-like behavior