1. English Rule
1.1. Harsh on both natives and Boers
1.2. Natives were put in townships (homelands)
1.2.1. Conditions for living were terrible here
1.3. Boers were given strips of land were only they could live
1.4. Conflicts over land between Boers and Englishmen
2. After the Britons
2.1. South Africa was declared a sovereign state under English administration
2.2. Democracy
2.2.1. Only whites were allowed to vote
2.3. Apartheid introduced
2.3.1. Blacks and whites segregated
2.3.2. The native negroes had few rights
3. Activists
3.1. 1949
3.1.1. Nelson Mandela, Harry Schwarz
3.1.2. At first peacefully
3.1.3. Government punched down hard and many were killed
3.1.4. Activists started using violence
3.1.5. Many activists were exiled, others were put in prison
3.2. Second Generation
3.2.1. Steve Biko
3.3. Final Act
3.3.1. Violence had risen to an extreme
3.3.2. The government, police and military could not contain it
3.3.3. Asked Nelson Mandela for help
3.3.3.1. Given presidency
4. Theorizing
4.1. The apartheid was no longer fueled by racial discrimination.
4.2. African natives in other countries had gotten rights
4.2.1. (Mainly America)
4.3. Most of the resistance against blacks were now fuelled on another thing
4.4. The New Reasons
4.4.1. Old "tradition
4.4.2. Fear of decline in living standards
4.4.2.1. Europe today
4.4.2.2. We take our life for granted
4.4.2.3. Hard to give this up (climate change and money gifts to poorer countries)
4.4.3. Fear of revenge
4.4.3.1. The Native Africans had been suppressed and discriminated against for almost 3 centuries
4.4.3.2. A lot of pent up rage
4.4.3.3. Luckily...
5. Before the Europeans came
5.1. Tribes
5.2. Wars
5.2.1. Culture of taking prisoners of war, and then forcing them to work
5.3. Simple lives
5.3.1. Agriculture, no industry
6. When the Europeans came
6.1. Trade outposts
6.1.1. Tea, coffee and sometimes just crap for exotic goods
6.1.2. Huge demand for labour in America and Europe
6.1.2.1. Slavery
6.1.2.1.1. Soon, wars were encouraged
6.1.2.1.2. Not long after... raiding parties
6.2. Settlers
6.2.1. Dutch
6.2.1.1. Called Boers
6.2.1.2. Generally left the natives in peace
6.3. Colonization
6.3.1. Englishmen came
6.3.2. Gradually expanded into the country
7. Years
7.1. 1488 - late 16th century
7.1.1. Portugese had trade outposts in the country
7.1.2. During the 16th century they were increasingly challenged by English and Dutch.
7.2. 1652
7.2.1. First Dutch expedition into the land
7.2.2. Settlers
7.2.2.1. Some aimed for America, others meant to come to Africa
7.2.2.2. Tried to not get into trouble with the natives
7.2.2.3. Mainly on eastern coast
7.3. late 18th century
7.3.1. Britons started establishing their colony
7.4. 1867
7.4.1. Gold!
7.4.2. Until now South Africa had been of little interest
7.4.3. Europens flowed to the country
7.4.4. Subjugation of the native population
7.4.5. 1/3 of all gold produced annually at the start of the 20th century
7.5. 1909 separate country under British administration
7.6. 1931
7.6.1. Still part of the British Empire, now equal in power
7.6.2. Statue of Westminister
7.7. 1961
7.7.1. Independent Republic