1. LS3.A: Inheritance of Traits
1.1. Chromosomes
1.1.1. DNA Molecules
1.1.2. Genetic Instructions
1.1.3. RNA
1.2. Grade Endpoints
1.2.1. By the end of grade 2
1.2.1.1. Organisms have characteristics
1.2.1.2. Young animals resemble their parents and other animals of the same kind
1.2.1.3. Plants resemble their parents and other plants of the same kind
1.2.2. By the end of grade 5
1.2.2.1. Many characteristics of plants and animals are inherited from their parents
1.2.2.2. Other characteristics are the result of interactions with the environment (e.g. diet, climate, and learning)
1.2.2.3. Many characteristics involve both inheritance and environment
1.2.3. By the end of grade 8
1.2.3.1. Genes are located in chromosomes, with each pair containing 2 variants of distinct genes
1.2.3.2. Gene mutation can result in changes to proteins, which can affect the structures and change traits
1.2.3.3. Sexual reproduction is the transmission of genetic information from parent to offspring
1.2.3.4. Variations of genetic transmission are the result of chromosomes inherited and from mutation
1.2.4. By the end of grade 12
1.2.4.1. Information for genetic instructions are carried on the chromosomes
1.2.4.2. Each chromosome contains DNA molecules
1.2.4.3. Instructions for forming species' characteristics are in DNA
2. LS3.B: Variation of Traits
2.1. Variation of a species are from inheritance of genes and from environment
2.2. Individuals have similar genes
2.3. Sexual Reproduction
2.4. Grade Endpoints
2.4.1. By the end of grade 2
2.4.1.1. Individuals and plants of similar type can be distinguished as similar and different in many ways
2.4.2. By the end of grade 5
2.4.2.1. Offspring acquire traits from both parents
2.4.3. By the end of grade 8
2.4.3.1. Each parent contributes half the genes
2.4.4. By the end of grade 12
2.4.4.1. The information passed on to offspring is coded in DNA molecules that form the chromosomes