Matter

1. Energy

1.1. Ability to do work

1.2. Thermal energy = Heat

1.3. Energy determines the kinetic energy/movement of the particles in a solid, liquid, or gas

1.4. Adding or removing energy changes the state of a substance

2. Temperature vs Heat

2.1. Temperature = measurement of the kinetic energy of particles in a substance

2.2. Heat = Thermal Energy

3. Classification of Matter

3.1. Pure Substance = made of only one type of atom or molecule

3.1.1. Element = Single type of atom

3.1.2. Compound = Single type of molecule consisting of multiple atoms bound together by a chemical bond

3.2. Mixture = more than one type of atom or molecule

3.2.1. Heterogeneous Mixture = non-uniform combination of two or more pure substances; different parts can be observed as separate in the mixture

3.2.2. Homogeneous Mixture = uniform distribution of a combination of two or more pure substances; different parts cannot be observed as separate in the mixture

4. Definition

4.1. Takes up space and has mass

5. States of Matter

5.1. Solid

5.1.1. Tightly packed particles, vibrating

5.2. Liquid

5.2.1. Freely flowing particles, rotate and move

5.3. Gas

5.3.1. Loosely related particles, free to move throughout the space occupied

5.4. Plasma

6. Phase Changes

6.1. Transition between states of matter

6.2. Temperature does not change during phase change; energy is transferred; changes the interactions between particles