1. Form and function
1.1. Form
1.1.1. Form is the look and style of the structure
1.1.1.1. Burj Kalifa
1.1.1.2. Great wall of China
1.2. Function
1.2.1. Function is the purpose of the structure
1.2.1.1. Book shelf
1.2.1.2. Crane
2. Types of structures
2.1. Solid
2.1.1. A solid structure is made of strong materials to support heavy loads. Usually solid structures are heavy, and last long periods of time.
2.1.1.1. The Glen Canyon Dam
2.1.1.2. Sand castle
2.2. Frame
2.2.1. A frame structure is a structure that has a web, or skeleton to support the structure it is lighter than the solid.
2.2.1.1. Eiffel Tower
2.2.1.2. The Dingo fence
2.3. Shell
2.3.1. A shell structure is a hollow curved structure.
2.3.1.1. Egg
2.3.1.2. box
3. Internal forces
3.1. Compression
3.1.1. Compression is the internal force that squeezes the object towards the middle.
3.1.1.1. body check
3.1.1.2. stress ball
3.2. Tension
3.2.1. Tension is the internal force that stretches the object outwards, making it longer
3.2.1.1. rubber band
3.2.1.2. Elevator cable
3.3. Torsion
3.3.1. Torsion is when you twist the object the opposite ways
3.3.1.1. twisting a towel
3.3.1.2. figure skater twisting in mid air
3.4. Sheer
3.4.1. Shear is when you rip or bend the object until it breaks.
3.4.1.1. opening a banana
3.4.1.2. breaking twig
4. Center of gravity
4.1. Center of gravity is where most of the weight of an object is, supporting the structure at the center of gravity will allow it to balance.
4.1.1. Weeble Wobble (very low center of gravity)
4.1.2. Picture book standing up (high center of gravity)
5. External forces
5.1. External forces is an applied force, or touched force. It is an act on the structure from the outside.
5.1.1. Tectonic plates moving (friction)
5.1.2. A person pushing a shopping cart.
6. Types of loads
6.1. Dead load
6.1.1. The dead load is the mass of the object itself, if the structure can stand upright by itself it can support its own dead load. This is usually caused by gravity
6.1.1.1. House supporting its own weight (standing up straight)
6.1.1.2. Electric towers supporting its own weight.
6.2. Live load
6.2.1. Live loads are anything placed on top of the structure and gravity is pushing down on it. Live loads are also caused by gravity.
6.2.1.1. A desk with several books and tools on it.
6.2.1.2. Person sitting on a chair
6.3. Dynamic load
6.3.1. Dynamic loads are external forces that don't involve gravity.
6.3.1.1. Wind affecting a flag
6.3.1.2. Earthquakes toppling sky scrapers
7. Applying forces
7.1. Applying forces is using magnitude (speed), angle, point of application, and plane of application.
7.1.1. hitting a punching bag
7.1.2. kicking a soccer ball