My Foundations of Education

1. Schools as Organizations

2. Curriculum and Pedagogy

3. Equality of Opportunity

4. Educational Inequality

5. Educational Reform

6. Politics of Education

6.1. Conservative views. Agree with the idea that "individuals have the capacity to earn or not earn their place within a market economy.." (Pg 24)

6.2. Have a mix of traditional and progressive views. Although I think it is important to pass along the traditional values of U.S. society, but I agree that schools should help with individual potential. (Pgs 26-27)

6.3. Agree with the liberal idea that schools should play the role that all students have an equal opportunity to succeed in society. Agree that all students should have this right, but should work hard for what they earn and not expect certain things to be handed to them. (Pg 27)

6.4. Not a big fan of government intervention, but can understand that sometimes it is necessary. Especially when a school is failing and needs help. Agree with idea number four under the neo-liberal areas of educational policy. (Pg 33)

6.5. Also agree with point three under the neo-liberal. I believe that educational success or failure is the result of individual effort. Believe that every child should have the same opportunities. It's just depends on what the child does with those opportunities. (Pg 33)

6.6. May have more of a Neo-Liberal perspective than I realized. Neo-Liberal reform is often a synthesis of conservative and liberal perspectives. (Pg 33)

7. History of U.S. Education

7.1. Horace Mann created the common school. These were free publicly funded elementary schools. Some opposed Mann and thought taxation for public education was unjust. (Pg 68)

7.2. By 1820, the movement for education for women started making headway. 1821, Emma Hart Williard opened the Troy Seminary in Troy, New Yor. Education here was similar to that of their male counterparts. (Pg 68-69)

7.3. Progressive Movement would sweep the country. At the turn of the twentieth century, schools were undergoing a transformation. Teachers were teaching basic socialization skills. John Dewey was an advocate for starting with the needs and interests of the child. (Pgs 70-71)

7.4. Public high school emerged in the 1890s. The Committee of Ten was formed by the National Education Association. It believed secondary education's purpose was to prepare students for the "duties of life". All students would study a core of academic subjects and studied Carnegie Units. (Pgs 72-73)

7.5. 1954, Brown vs. Topeka Board of Education case ruled that state imposed segregation schools was unconstitutional. This allowed African American students to study with those of other races. (Pg 77)

7.6. Under President Ronald Reagan, A Nation at Risk was created by U.S. Secretary of Education, Terel Bell. This suggested that the United States education was mediocre and needed an adjustment. The report results in the beginning of the education excellence movement. (Pg 81 & 89)

8. Sociological Education

8.1. Presell provided a model for analyzing the relationship between school and society in her book, Education and Inequality. There is the societal level, the institutional level, the interpersonal level, and the intrapsychic level. (Pg 114)

8.2. Under Functional Theory, educational reform is supposed to create structures, programs, and curricula that are advanced and encourage social unity. ( Pg 118)

8.3. Karl Marx is the founder of the conflict school in the sociology of education. Under this theory, there is a direct correspondence between schools and society. Until society is changed, there is little hope of real school reform. (Pgs 118-119)

8.4. Interactional Theories: Basil Berstein argued that the aspects of the educational system and the aspects of the system reflect each other. ( Pg 120)

8.5. Labels that teachers place on students can influence student performance. The form of self-fulfilling prophecy, suggests that teachers' expectations play a major role in a student's full potential. Relation to the labeling theory. (Pg 124)

8.6. Urban education has failed to educate minority and poor children. Those that attend suburban schools and private schools get a better education experience. Those that attend the most elite schools benefit the most. (Pg 126)

9. Philosophy of Education

9.1. Agree with the role of teacher under the philosophy of Idealism. It is important to analyze and discuss ideas with students. A teacher should play an active role in discussion and ask questions. (Pg 182)

9.2. Agree with the Idealism philosophy that instruction should be done based through lecture. Use what they have learned and apply it to society. (Pg 182)

9.3. Agree with the Aristotle and his idea of Realism. Help understand and apply principals. Teachers should be grounded in the material they are presenting. (Pg 185)

9.4. Believe the best curriculum comes from the Realism philosophy. Students should study, science, mathematics, reading, writing, and the humanities. Well balanced and rounded set of curriculum. These areas can help students prepare for career and life. (Pg 185)

9.5. Can understand the Pragmatic idea of problem, thought, action, results. But I feel like there is more than getting the end result. Its what is learned on the way to the result that is also important. (Pg 186)

9.6. Find myself to be more of a traditionalist. Relate more to the earlier days of philosophy. See education as a way of expanding the mind and learning from a teacher who is the authority figure and role model. I fall somewhere in with Idealism and Realism.