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life of pi
by Ingvar Bogdahn 09/06/2017
life of pi
by Ingvar Bogdahn
1. + The Initiation and Completion of DNA Replication in Chromosomes
2. + DNA Replication Mechanisms
3. + References
4. Chapter 16 The Cytoskeleton
4.1. + The Self-Assembly and Dynamic Structure of Cytoskeletal Filaments
4.2. + How Cells Regulate Their Cytoskeletal Filaments
4.3. + Molecular Motors
4.4. + The Cytoskeleton and Cell Behavior
4.5. + References
5. + The Molecular Basis of Cancer-Cell Behavior
6. Part I Introduction to the Cell
6.1. Chapter 1 Cells and Genomes
6.1.1. + The Universal Features of Cells on Earth
6.1.2. + The Diversity of Genomes and the Tree of Life
6.1.3. + Genetic Information in Eucaryotes
6.1.4. + References
6.2. Chapter 2 Cell Chemistry and Biosynthesis
6.2.1. + The Chemical Components of a Cell
6.2.2. + Catalysis and the Use of Energy by Cells
6.2.3. + How Cells Obtain Energy from Food
6.2.4. + References
6.3. Chapter 3 Proteins
6.3.1. + The Shape and Structure of Proteins
6.3.2. + Protein Function
6.3.3. + References
7. Part II Basic Genetic Mechanisms
7.1. Chapter 4 DNA and Chromosomes
7.1.1. + The Structure and Function of DNA
7.1.2. + Chromosomal DNA and Its Packaging in the Chromatin Fiber
7.1.3. + The Global Structure of Chromosomes
7.1.4. + References
7.2. Chapter 5 DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination
7.2.1. + The Maintenance of DNA Sequences
7.2.2. + DNA Repair
7.2.3. + General Recombination
7.2.4. + Site-Specific Recombination
7.2.5. + References
7.3. Chapter 6 How Cells Read the Genome: From DNA to Protein
7.3.1. + From DNA to RNA
7.3.2. + From RNA to Protein
7.3.3. + The RNA World and the Origins of Life
7.3.4. + References
7.4. Chapter 7 Control of Gene Expression
7.4.1. + An Overview of Gene Control
7.4.2. + DNA-Binding Motifs in Gene Regulatory Proteins
7.4.3. + How Genetic Switches Work
7.4.4. + The Molecular Genetic Mechanisms That Create Specialized Cell Types
7.4.5. + Posttranscriptional Controls
7.4.6. + How Genomes Evolve
7.4.7. + References
8. Part III Methods
8.1. Chapter 8 Manipulating Proteins, DNA, and RNA
8.1.1. + Isolating Cells and Growing Them in Culture
8.1.2. + Fractionation of Cells
8.1.3. + Isolating, Cloning, and Sequencing DNA
8.1.4. + Analyzing Protein Structure and Function
8.1.5. + Studying Gene Expression and Function
8.1.6. + References
8.2. Chapter 9 Visualizing Cells
8.2.1. + Looking at the Structure of Cells in the Microscope
8.2.2. + Visualizing Molecules in Living Cells
8.2.3. + References
9. Part V Cells in Their Social Context
9.1. Chapter 19 Cell Junctions, Cell Adhesion, and the Extracellular Matrix
9.1.1. + Cell Junctions
9.1.2. + Cell-Cell Adhesion
9.1.3. + The Extracellular Matrix of Animals
9.1.4. + Integrins
9.1.5. + The Plant Cell Wall
9.1.6. + References
9.2. Chapter 20 Germ Cells and Fertilization
9.2.1. + The Benefits of Sex
9.2.2. + Meiosis
9.2.3. + Primordial Germ Cells and Sex Determination in Mammals
9.2.4. + Eggs
9.2.5. + Sperm
9.2.6. + Fertilization
9.2.7. + References
9.3. Chapter 21 Development of Multicellular Organisms
9.3.1. + Universal Mechanisms of Animal Development
9.3.2. + Caenorhabditis Elegans: Development from the Perspective of the Individual Cell
9.3.3. + Drosophila and the Molecular Genetics of Pattern Formation: Genesis of the Body Plan
9.3.4. + Homeotic Selector Genes and the Patterning of the Anteroposterior Axis
9.3.5. + Organogenesis and the Patterning of Appendages
9.3.6. + Cell Movements and the Shaping of the Vertebrate Body
9.3.7. + The Mouse
9.3.8. + Neural Development
9.3.9. + Plant Development
9.3.10. + References
9.4. Chapter 22 Histology: The Lives and Deaths of Cells in Tissues
9.4.1. + Epidermis and Its Renewal by Stem Cells
9.4.2. + Sensory Epithelia
9.4.3. + The Airways and the Gut
9.4.4. + Blood Vessels and Endothelial Cells
9.4.5. + Renewal by Multipotent Stem Cells: Blood Cell Formation
9.4.6. + Genesis, Modulation, and Regeneration of Skeletal Muscle
9.4.7. + Fibroblasts and Their Transformations: The Connective-Tissue Cell Family
9.4.8. + Stem-Cell Engineering
9.4.9. + References
9.5. Chapter 23 Cancer
9.5.1. + Cancer as a Microevolutionary Process
9.5.2. + The Preventable Causes of Cancer
9.5.3. + Finding the Cancer-Critical Genes
9.5.4. + Cancer Treatment: Present and Future
9.5.5. + References
9.6. Chapter 24 The Adaptive Immune System
9.6.1. + Lymphocytes and the Cellular Basis of Adaptive Immunity
9.6.2. + B Cells and Antibodies
9.6.3. + The Generation of Antibody Diversity
9.6.4. + T Cells and MHC Proteins
9.6.5. + Helper T Cells and Lymphocyte Activation
9.6.6. + References
9.7. Chapter 25 Pathogens, Infection, and Innate Immunity
9.7.1. + Introduction to Pathogens
9.7.2. + Cell Biology of Infection
9.7.3. + Innate Immunity
9.7.4. + References
10. Part IV Internal Organization of the Cell
10.1. Chapter 10 Membrane Structure
10.1.1. + The Lipid Bilayer
10.1.2. + Membrane Proteins
10.1.3. + References
10.2. Chapter 11 Membrane Transport of Small Molecules and the Electrical Properties of Membranes
10.2.1. + Principles of Membrane Transport
10.2.1.1. # Protein-free Lipid Bilayers Are Highly Impermeable to Ions
10.2.1.2. # There Are Two Main Classes of Membrane Transport Proteins: Carriers and Channels
10.2.1.3. # Active Transport Is Mediated by Carrier Proteins Coupled to an Energy Source
10.2.1.4. # Ionophores Can Be Used as Tools to Increase the Permeability of Membranes to Specific Ions
10.2.2. + Carrier Proteins and Active Membrane Transport
10.2.3. + Ion Channels and the Electrical Properties of Membranes
10.2.4. + References
10.3. Chapter 12 Intracellular Compartments and Protein Sorting
10.3.1. + The Compartmentalization of Cells
10.3.2. + The Transport of Molecules between the Nucleus and the Cytosol
10.3.3. + The Transport of Proteins into Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
10.3.4. + Peroxisomes
10.3.5. + The Endoplasmic Reticulum
10.3.6. + References
10.4. Chapter 13 Intracellular Vesicular Traffic
10.4.1. + The Molecular Mechanisms of Membrane Transport and the Maintenance of Compartmental Diversity
10.4.1.1. # There Are Various Types of Coated Vesicles
10.4.1.1.1. picture
10.4.1.2. # The Assembly of a Clathrin Coat Drives Vesicle Formation
10.4.1.2.1. <html><img src="images/18q6ajsj91v3uu47ets4oqeu6j.jpg">
10.4.1.3. # Both The Pinching-off and Uncoating of Coated Vesicles Are Regulated Processes
10.4.1.4. # Not All Transport Vesicles are Spherical
10.4.1.5. # Monomeric GTPases Control Coat Assembly
10.4.1.6. # SNARE Proteins and Targeting GTPases Guide Membrane Transport
10.4.1.7. # Interacting SNAREs Need To Be Pried Apart Before They Can Function Again
10.4.1.8. # Rab Proteins Help Ensure the Specificity of Vesicle Docking
10.4.1.9. # SNAREs May Mediate Membrane Fusion
10.4.1.10. # Viral Fusion Proteins and SNAREs May Use Similar Strategies