1. Is a standed that defines how two computers or devices on a network transmit data. it determines.
1.1. the type of error checking used.
1.2. the data compression method
1.3. How it indicates that a message has finished sending.
1.4. How you can see you have revived a message.
2. Intranets/Internet
2.1. Access to information in a controlled manner.
2.2. Communications with the organisation.
2.3. messages that note hardware and software problems can contact technical support if need be.
2.4. bi-directional mechanisms eg online forms.
2.5. Reduce costs with organisations
2.6. Operates on a local area network.
3. Network standards:
3.1. Overcome problems of incompatibility on a network.
3.2. Ensures that hardware and software components can be integrated into any network.
3.3. The guidelines show how computers access the network.
3.4. One of these is ethernet, which is describes communication over a single cable. This allows to communicate with other devices.
3.4.1. Ethernet uses frames which contain packets of information. When a frame is accepted, an acknowledgement is sent back to the original computer.
3.5. TCP/IP Transmission Control protocol/internet Protocol). This defines how the data is carried from one part of a network.
3.6. 802.11 wireless standed defines how two computers or devices can communicate using radio waves.
4. Protocol
4.1. How computers or devices transmit data.
4.1.1. the type of error checking used
4.1.2. The data compressed method
4.1.3. how the sending device will indicate that it has received a message.
5. Web client software.
5.1. Web browser allows users allows users to view a page on the internet an manage links used to jump from one document to the next.
5.2. Electronic Mail. Simple text messages written like a letter, which support the attachments of files with a message.
5.3. Video Conferencing: Software that allows the transmission of audio and visual signals over the internet and displayed to the user.
5.4. Instant messaging: involves real time exchange of messages and files between on-line users.
5.5. Chat room: People communicating in real time over the internet. Some website include this feature.
6. Wired transmission media.
6.1. Form of communications link allow electronic signals to pass between them.
6.1.1. UTP: unshielded twisted pair cable,
6.1.1.1. CAT 3 can carry 10 mbps over 100 meters
6.1.1.2. CAT 5 can carry 100 mbps over 85 meters.
6.1.1.3. CAT 5e can carry 1 gb over a short distance
6.1.2. Coaxial cable
6.1.2.1. Contains two wires, 10 mbps over 185 metres.
6.1.3. Fibre optic cables
6.1.3.1. Transmit light pulses from light generators to light revives, Can transmit 100 mbps.
7. Wireless transmission
7.1. Radio waves: transmitted over a long distance. Used in WIFI to transmit signals. Radio transmission is likely to be a victim of noise than a cable. 3GHz
7.2. Microwaves: Requires line of sight transmission where there is no obstruction. They can pass though the earth atmosphere with less interference. 3-3000 GHz
7.3. Satellite: This transission can be in the form of radio waves or microwaves. A signal from earth is sent to a satellite which sends that signal to a earth devices.
7.4. Infa red: Covers a small distance. Uses light waves and requires line of sight access. It has a slow transfer rate.
8. Firewall
8.1. Hardware and software that protects a networks resources from intrusion.
9. Modems
9.1. is used to send computer signals over a telephone line.
9.1.1. Dial up Modem: An external modem is a stand alone that attachs to a special port..You can move this from one computer to another. Download speeds 56 kbps
9.1.2. Digital Modems:Sends and revives data to and from a digital connection. Download speeds 20 mbps
9.1.3. Cable modems: is the modem that sends and recives data over the cable television network. This provides a much faster speeds than dial up modems or ADLS. The download speeds are 20 Mbps
10. Types of servers.Servers are designed to enable fast delivery of material from the servers hardware to the network. This Includes
10.1. files servers which store files on a clinets computer.
10.2. Printers servers, which they can they can accept printing jobs over the network and send the information to the printer ready to go,
10.3. Database servers, which can hold information with a number of users. Users can open there data, but they cant open other peoples data.
10.4. Web servers: which connect to the internet. It hold files and pictures in a read only format.
10.5. DNSs: Domain name servers, Translate domain names into IP addresses.
10.6. Proxy server: keeps a copy of recent webpages and files so if the user requested to use it again can open it with out the use of the internet.
10.7. DHCP: Dynamic host configuration protocol, hands out node numbers to each devices.
10.8. AD DS: Active Directory domain controller, manages communications between users and domains.
11. Packet Switching
11.1. The method of of breaking a message into several small packets and being able to send those messages on the best routes.
12. Wifi standards.
12.1. A network that use the 802.11 standard is known as a WIFI network.
12.1.1. 802.11 comes in different versions signified by an a, b, g, or n notations.
12.1.1.1. a transfers up to 54 MBPS,b transfers up to 11 Mbps, g transfers 54 Mbps and higher and n tansfers 108 to 600 Mbps.
13. Network operating system.
13.1. Software that controls traffic on the network and defines how they communicate with others.
13.2. Server software controls file access, managing print queues and mangering usernames and passwords.
13.3. Client software is installed on each workstation and establishes a connection though the NIC, between the workstation and other devices on the network.
14. Website Software.
14.1. Web sever software: provides content using the http. This is the form of html documents, images or other resources.
14.2. SMTP: Simple mail transfer protocol is used on Emails to handle sending and receiving of clients mail.
14.3. POP3: Post Office Protocol, Used to store messages. So when the user is ready to read it, it is stored and ready to read.
14.4. FTP: File transfer protocol, this enables the ability of uploading and download files between computers on the internet.
14.5. Web software applications: are programs designed for the uses on a website, this includes blogging software, forums and wikis.
15. NIC (Networking interface card)
15.1. Is used to link a computer or resources to a network.
15.1.1. Wires
15.1.2. Radio Waves
15.1.3. infa red lights waves
15.1.4. Microwaves
15.1.5. Fibre optic cables.