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Alkenes by Mind Map: Alkenes

1. is the addition of steam

2. C2H4(g) + Cl2(g) -> C2H4Cl2 (l)

3. C2H4 + H2 -> C2H6

4. room temperature

5. halogens as reagents

6. Alkenes are compounds containing a Carbon-Carbon double bond.

7. ethene to ethane

8. 60 atm

9. product

9.1. e.g.

10. e.g.

10.1. ethene to ethanol

10.1.1. C2H4 + H2O -> C2H5OH

11. usually colourless

12. ethanol is used as solvent and fuel

13. through cracking of alkanes

14. Halogenation

14.1. CONDITIONS

14.1.1. 300°C

14.1.1.1. H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) catalyst

14.2. is the addition of halogens

15. Hydration

15.1. product

15.1.1. alcohol

16. Hydrogenation

16.1. e.g.

16.1.1. vegetable oil to margarine

16.1.2. is the addition of hydrogen

17. production of ETHENE

17.1. to make ehtanol and plastics(polyethene)

17.2. in the absence of light

18. Alkenes are insoluable in water, however are very soluble in organic solvents.

18.1. general formula

18.1.1. CnH2n

19. C18H38 -> 9C2H4 + H2

20. CONDITIONS

21. C=C bond present in each monomer

22. 5 atm

23. 200°C

24. Ni (nickel) catalyst

25. C18H38 -> C6H14 + 6C2H4 big alkane-> alkane+six alkenes

26. production of HYDROGEN gas

27. Cracking

27.1. conversion of long chains of hydrocarbons to shorter chains

27.2. Pertroleum(crude oil)

27.2.1. big hydrocarbon molecules in it broken down to smaller hydrocarbon molecules

27.2.2. smaller hydrocarbon molecules used for fuel

27.2.2.1. C18H38 -> C8H18 + C10H20 big alkane -> alkane+alkene

27.2.2.1.1. usually, a mixture of alkenes AND alkanes is produced

27.2.2.1.2. e.g.

28. CONDITIONS

29. m