1. Sociological Perspectives
1.1. The Uses of Sociology for Teachers
1.1.1. Ned Flanders
1.2. The Relation between School and Society
1.2.1. Schools shape children's perception of the world by process of socialization
1.2.2. Schools play a major role in determining who will get ahead in society and who will not.
1.3. Persell's Model
1.3.1. The Societal Level
1.3.2. The Institutional Level
1.3.3. The Interpersonal Level
1.3.4. The Intrapsychic Level
1.4. Determinism
1.5. Voluntarism
1.6. Theoretical Perspectives
1.6.1. Functional Theory
1.6.1.1. Emile Durkheim
1.6.1.2. The functional theory is the one that I personally believe makes the most sense. I do believe that people should strive to be productive members of society. I think that we should promote social unity. We should all work together like a team to make sure that our society functions.
1.6.1.3. interdependence
1.6.1.4. Moral values
1.6.2. Conflict Theory
1.6.2.1. Karl Marx
1.6.2.2. Max Weber
1.6.2.3. Cultural capital
1.6.2.4. Social capital
1.6.3. Interactional Theories
1.6.3.1. Basil Bernstein
1.7. The Effects of Schooling on Individuals
1.7.1. Knowledge and attitude
1.7.1.1. Coleman and Jencks
1.7.1.2. Ron Edmonds
1.7.2. Employment
1.7.3. Education and Mobility
1.7.4. Inside the Schools
1.7.5. Teacher behavior
1.7.6. Student Peer Groups and Alienation
1.7.7. Education and Inequality
1.7.8. Tracking
1.7.9. Inadequate Schools
1.7.10. De Facto Segregation
1.7.11. Gender
1.7.12. I believe that teacher behavior, education and inequality, and inadequate schools are the three effect of schooling that have the biggest impact on students. Teachers are major influences on whether students believe in themselves and will continue to make educational progress. The inequality of the educational opportunities provided to lower socioeconomic students makes a major difference in their educational progress. Finally, inadequate schools will hinder students ability to finish high school and go on to college.
1.8. Sociology and the Current Educational Crisis
2. Philosophy of Education
2.1. My Philosophy of Education is Pragmatism/Progressivism
2.1.1. Founders
2.1.1.1. George Sanders Pierce
2.1.1.2. William James
2.1.1.3. John Dewey (1859-1952)
2.1.2. Other Notable Pragmatists
2.1.2.1. Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
2.1.2.2. John Locke (1632-1704)
2.1.2.3. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
2.1.3. Generic Notions
2.1.3.1. Dewey's Pragmatism
2.1.3.2. Embryonic Community
2.1.3.3. "Progressive" Ideas
2.1.3.4. Democracy
2.1.4. Goal of Education
2.1.4.1. Social Order
2.1.4.2. "Dialectic of Freedom"
2.1.4.3. Modernization, Urbanization, Fragmentation
2.1.4.4. School as a "lever of social reform"
2.1.5. Role of the Teacher
2.1.5.1. Facilitator
2.1.6. Methods of Instruction
2.1.6.1. Problem solving/ Inquiry Method
2.1.6.2. Project based learning
2.1.6.3. Independent Study
2.1.6.4. Group Work
2.1.7. Curriculum
2.1.7.1. Integrated Curriculum
2.1.7.2. expanding environments
3. Curriculum and Pedagogy
3.1. The Developmentalist Curriculum
3.1.1. John Dewey and Jean Piaget
3.1.2. Individual Developmental Level
3.1.3. Meaningful Education
3.1.4. The Teacher's Role
3.1.5. Schools
3.1.5.1. Bank Street School
3.1.5.2. City and Country School
3.1.5.3. Dalton School
3.2. The Functionalist Theory
3.2.1. Cultural heritage
3.2.2. Emile Durkheim
3.2.3. Talcott Parsons and Robert Dreeben
4. Equality of Opportunity
4.1. Educational Achievement
4.1.1. Class Stratification
4.1.1.1. Attainment
4.1.1.1.1. Class
4.1.1.1.2. Race
4.1.1.1.3. Gender
4.2. Coleman Study
4.2.1. James S. Coleman
5. Politics of Education
5.1. Liberal
5.1.1. Perspective
5.1.2. Educational Problems
5.1.3. Educational Policy and Reform
5.2. Progressive
5.2.1. Vision
5.2.2. Beliefs
5.2.3. Change
6. History of US Education
6.1. 3 Lasting Educational Ideas
6.1.1. 1. Since the beginning of education in america schools have been charged with assuming roles that once were the province of family, church, and community.
6.1.2. 2. School continues to serve as a focal point in larger issues of societal needs.
6.1.3. 3. There is very little consensus when it comes to school reform.
6.2. Seventeenth Century
6.2.1. Informal Family Education
6.2.2. 1635 Boston Latin Grammar School
6.2.3. 1636 Harvard College
6.2.4. 1647 The Puritans of New England-Old Deluder Satan Law
6.2.5. 1687-1890 New England Primer
6.3. Eighteenth Century
6.3.1. Benjamin Franklin
6.3.2. Thomas Jefferson
6.3.3. National Interest in Education
6.3.4. 1751 Franklin Academy in Philadelphia
6.3.5. 1783 Noah Webster's American Spelling Book
6.3.6. 1785, 1787 Land Ordinance Act, Northwest Ordinance
6.4. Nineteenth Century
6.4.1. The role of secondary schools was increasing. There was more education for women and minorities however it was still segregated.
6.4.2. 1821 Emma Willard's Troy Female Seminary Opens
6.4.3. 1821 The First Public High School Opens in Boston
6.4.4. 1837 Horace Mann becomes Secretary of the Board of Education in Massachusetts
6.4.5. 1955 First Kindergarten in the United States
6.4.6. 1874 Kalamazoo Case
6.4.7. 1896 Plessy vs. Ferguson
6.5. Twentieth Century
6.5.1. Increasing federal support for educational rights of underachieving students. Increased federal funding of specific educational programs.
6.5.2. 1909 First Junior High School in Columbus Ohio
6.5.3. 1919 Progressive Education Programs
6.5.4. 1932 New Deal Education Programs
6.5.5. 1944 GI Bill of Rights
6.5.6. 1954 Brown v. Board of Education
6.5.7. 1957 Sputnik
6.5.8. 1958 National Defense Education Act
6.5.9. 1964-65 Head Start Funded
6.5.10. 1972 Title IX Passed
6.5.11. 1975 Individuals With Disabilities Act
6.6. Educational Reform
6.6.1. 1820-1860 The Beginning of the Industrial Revolution
6.6.2. Horace Mann
6.6.3. Free Education, Normal School, Common School
6.6.4. Roberts v. City of Boston
6.6.5. John Dewey
6.6.6. The Progressive Movement
6.7. Historical Interpretations of US Education
6.7.1. Democratic/Liberal Interpretation
6.7.1.1. Democratic/Liberals say that the history of education in the US involves progressive evolution of school systems that are committed to providing equal opportunity for all students
6.7.1.2. Democratic-Liberal historians believe that each period of educational expansion involved Liberal reformers who helped expand educational opportunities to larger portions of the population.
7. Schools As Organizations
7.1. Major Stakeholders
7.1.1. Tim Melson, State Senator
7.1.2. Jim Patterson, House of Representatives
7.1.3. Thomas R. Bice, State Superintendent
7.1.4. Mary Scott Hunter, Board of Education District Representative
7.1.5. Matt Massey, Superintendent of Madison County Schools
7.1.6. Dan Nash, Madison County School Board, District 1
7.1.7. Angie Bates, Madison County School Board, District 2
7.1.8. Mary Louise Stowe, Madison County School Board, District 3
7.1.9. David Vess, Madison County School Board, District 4
7.1.10. Jeff Anderson, Madison County School Board, District 5
7.2. Schools in Finland
7.2.1. Standardized Testing
7.2.1.1. Finland has had some of the highest scores on the math, science, and literacy exams administered by the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA)
7.2.1.2. There is little variation in student outcomes across all populations of racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups.
7.2.2. Education Reform
7.2.2.1. equal access to curriculum
7.2.2.2. wrap-around services for students
7.2.2.3. teacher education
8. Educational Inequality
8.1. Effective School Literature
8.1.1. Defined
8.1.2. Characteristics of ESL
8.1.3. Annette Lareau
8.2. Explanations of Unequal Educational Achievement
8.2.1. Functionalist
8.2.2. Conflict Theorist
8.2.3. Interactionism
9. Educational Reform
9.1. School based reforms
9.1.1. Effective teachers
9.1.1.1. Film: Stand and Deliver
9.1.1.1.1. Jaime Escalante
9.1.2. Private Schools
9.1.2.1. Intersectional Schools
9.1.2.1.1. Charter Schools