Introduction to computers

by ๋Jittima Pyapermpoonsiri

1. A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

2. The Components of a Computer

2.1. Input Device

2.1.1. Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

2.2. Output Device

2.2.1. Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people

2.3. System Unit

2.3.1. Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data

2.4. Storage Device

2.4.1. Holds data, instructions, and information for future use

2.5. Communications Device

2.5.1. Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices

3. Advantages of Using Computers

3.1. Speed

3.2. Reliability

3.3. Consistency

3.4. Storage

3.5. Communications

4. Disadvantages of Using Computers

4.1. Health Risks

4.2. Violation of Privacy

4.3. Public Safety

4.4. Impact on Labor Force

4.5. Impact on Environment

5. Networks and the Internet

5.1. Networks

5.1.1. A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media

5.2. Internet

5.2.1. The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

5.3. social networking Web site

5.3.1. A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users

6. Computer Software

6.1. Software

6.1.1. called a program ; tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them

6.2. Installing

6.2.1. is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware

6.3. A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information

7. Categories of Computers

7.1. Personal computers

7.1.1. Mobile computers and mobile devices

7.1.1.1. Game consoles

7.1.1.1.1. Servers

8. Personal Computers

8.1. A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself

8.2. Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple

8.2.1. Desktop computer

9. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

9.1. Mobile Computers

9.1.1. Personal computer you can carry from place to place

9.1.1.1. Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers, and Tablet PCs

9.2. Mobile Devices

9.2.1. Computing device small enough to hold in your hand

9.2.1.1. Examples include smart phones, PDAs, handheld computers, portable media players, and digital cameras

10. Game Consoles

10.1. A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single‐player or multiplayer video games

11. Servers

11.1. A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network

11.1.1. Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information

12. Mainframes

12.1. A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously

13. Supercomputers

13.1. A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer

13.1.1. Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second

14. Embedded Computers

14.1. An embedded computer is a special‐purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product

14.1.1. Consumer Electronics

14.1.2. Home Automation Devices

14.1.3. Automobiles

14.1.4. Process Controllers and Robotics

14.1.5. Computer Devices and Office Machines

15. Elements of an Information System

15.1. Hardware

15.2. Software

15.3. Data

15.4. People

15.5. Procedures

16. Examples of Computer Usage

16.1. Home User

16.1.1. Personal financial management

16.1.2. Web access

16.1.3. Communications

16.1.4. Entertainment

16.2. Small Office/Home Office User

16.2.1. Look up information

16.2.2. Send and receive e‐mail messages

16.2.3. Make telephone calls

16.3. Mobile User

16.3.1. Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet

16.3.2. Transfer information

16.3.3. Play video games

16.3.4. Listen to music

16.3.5. Watch movies

16.4. Power User

16.4.1. Work with multimedia

16.4.2. User industry‐specific software

16.5. Enterprise User

16.5.1. Communicate among employees

16.5.2. Process high volumes of transactions

16.5.3. Blog

17. Computer Applications in Society

17.1. Education

17.2. Finance

17.3. Government

17.4. Health Care

17.5. Science

17.6. Publishing

17.7. Travel

17.8. Manufacturing

18. Summary

18.1. Basic computer concepts

18.2. Components of a computer

18.3. Networks, the Internet,and computer software

18.4. Many different categories of computers, computer users, and computer applications in society