Introduction to computers
by ๋Jittima Pyapermpoonsiri
1. A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory
2. The Components of a Computer
2.1. Input Device
2.1.1. Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer
2.2. Output Device
2.2.1. Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people
2.3. System Unit
2.3.1. Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data
2.4. Storage Device
2.4.1. Holds data, instructions, and information for future use
2.5. Communications Device
2.5.1. Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
3. Advantages of Using Computers
3.1. Speed
3.2. Reliability
3.3. Consistency
3.4. Storage
3.5. Communications
4. Disadvantages of Using Computers
4.1. Health Risks
4.2. Violation of Privacy
4.3. Public Safety
4.4. Impact on Labor Force
4.5. Impact on Environment
5. Networks and the Internet
5.1. Networks
5.1.1. A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media
5.2. Internet
5.2.1. The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals
5.3. social networking Web site
5.3.1. A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users
6. Computer Software
6.1. Software
6.1.1. called a program ; tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them
6.2. Installing
6.2.1. is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware
6.3. A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information
7. Categories of Computers
7.1. Personal computers
7.1.1. Mobile computers and mobile devices
7.1.1.1. Game consoles
7.1.1.1.1. Servers
8. Personal Computers
8.1. A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself
8.2. Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple
8.2.1. Desktop computer
9. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
9.1. Mobile Computers
9.1.1. Personal computer you can carry from place to place
9.1.1.1. Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers, and Tablet PCs
9.2. Mobile Devices
9.2.1. Computing device small enough to hold in your hand
9.2.1.1. Examples include smart phones, PDAs, handheld computers, portable media players, and digital cameras
10. Game Consoles
10.1. A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single‐player or multiplayer video games
11. Servers
11.1. A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network
11.1.1. Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information
12. Mainframes
12.1. A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously
13. Supercomputers
13.1. A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer
13.1.1. Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second
14. Embedded Computers
14.1. An embedded computer is a special‐purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product
14.1.1. Consumer Electronics
14.1.2. Home Automation Devices
14.1.3. Automobiles
14.1.4. Process Controllers and Robotics
14.1.5. Computer Devices and Office Machines
15. Elements of an Information System
15.1. Hardware
15.2. Software
15.3. Data
15.4. People
15.5. Procedures
16. Examples of Computer Usage
16.1. Home User
16.1.1. Personal financial management
16.1.2. Web access
16.1.3. Communications
16.1.4. Entertainment
16.2. Small Office/Home Office User
16.2.1. Look up information
16.2.2. Send and receive e‐mail messages
16.2.3. Make telephone calls
16.3. Mobile User
16.3.1. Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet
16.3.2. Transfer information
16.3.3. Play video games
16.3.4. Listen to music
16.3.5. Watch movies
16.4. Power User
16.4.1. Work with multimedia
16.4.2. User industry‐specific software
16.5. Enterprise User
16.5.1. Communicate among employees
16.5.2. Process high volumes of transactions
16.5.3. Blog