Aristiotle

1. His Biology

1.1. believes we learn with senses..."All men by nature desire to know. An example is the delight we take in our senses."

1.1.1. believes nature does nothing by chance and we must use senses to understand the world

2. Senses Differ From Other Animals

2.1. all forms of life have nutritive, reproductive, and locomotive power

2.2. animals differ by having the power of sensation and perception

2.3. animals are more complex-problem solving ability

2.4. humans have the power of reason-ability to comprehend universals

3. was student of Plato...but differs from Plato and Socrates

3.1. scientific and practical thinker

3.2. does not believe in the world of the forms but thinks that everything we can understand are things we can touch

3.3. applies scientific model to philosophical investigation

4. Teleological System

4.1. believes that everything in the world has causes:

4.1.1. material cause-from which the thing is made

4.1.2. formal cause-the shape or form a thing must take in order to be recognized

4.1.3. efficient cause-the actual force used to make things

4.1.4. final cause-what is the ultimate purpose of the thing

5. Where do The Forms Reside?

5.1. forms lie inside the things themselves

5.1.1. example-form of oak tree is inside of the acorn

5.2. each thing we see is part of a teleological (goal oriented system)

5.2.1. ***Our goal is to be morally excellent person who is virtuous (arete)