Aristotle

1. Where do the forms reside?

1.1. Aristotle belives that the forms lie inside the things themselves

1.2. For example, the form of the oak tree is inside of the acorn

1.3. Each thing that we see is part of teleological (goal oriented) system

1.4. (Your goal is to be a morally excellent person who is virtuous, arete)

2. How do our senses differ from other animals?

2.1. All forms of life have nutritive, reproductive and locomotive power

2.2. Animals differ by having the power of sensation and perception

2.3. More complex animals have intellectual power (problem solving ability)

2.4. Aristotole argues that humans have a special intellectual power called reason, which is the ability to comprehend universals.

3. Whta is a teleological system?

3.1. Aristotle beleived that everything in this world has causes ( things that drive them to be created) He provideds four causes

3.1.1. Material Cause- The material form which the thing is made of

3.1.2. Formal Cause- the shape or form a thing must take in order to be recognized

3.1.3. Efficient cause- the Actual force used to make thing

3.1.4. Final cause- what is the ultimate purpose of the thing

4. Aristotle's biology

4.1. In his metaphysics, Aristotle states, "All men by nature desire to know- An example is the delight we take in our senses" (he tells us to trusts senses unlike plato and socrates)

4.2. He believes that Nature does nothing by chance. We have been given sense to use them to understand the world.

4.3. For Aristotle, to engage the problem of knowledge, we must begin with our senses.

5. How does Aristotle differ from Plato and Socrates?

5.1. Aristotle is a scientific and practical thinker

5.2. He does not believe in the world of the forms, but he thinks that everything that we can understand are the things we can touch.