1. Modularistic Approach
1.1. Pre-determined and precisely managed
1.2. Departmental Approach
1.2.1. Isolation and pre-generated assumptions
2. Holistic Approach
2.1. Holistic framework and competencies
2.2. Quality culture
2.2.1. Individual values
2.2.1.1. Personal Gain
2.2.1.2. Performance review - connection to whole system, self as part of the system
2.2.2. Organizational values
2.2.2.1. Strategic plan - student success and well-being
2.2.2.2. Clearly defined graduate profile - thoughtful and attainable learning objectives
2.2.2.3. Teaching/learning focus - Rewarding excellence
2.2.3. Quality management instruments and systems
2.2.3.1. Regular program review cycles - stakeholder participation
2.2.3.2. Stakeholder consultation - students, class representatives, faculty delegates
2.2.3.3. Feedback - students, instructors
2.2.3.4. Performance and content standards
2.2.3.5. Organizational audits
2.2.3.6. Outcome measures and framework - immediate, intermediate, and ultimate outcomes