1. Present Day
1.1. Gender equality
1.1.1. This topic is taken very seriously by the Canadian government
1.1.1.1. There are strict rules and laws set up
1.1.1.2. Both men women have an equal chance at getting a job
1.1.1.3. The United Nations Commission on the Status of Women meets every year to evaluate progress on gender equality and identify areas where challenges remain
1.1.1.3.1. Canada is very involved in the UN
1.1.1.3.2. Important to help other countries as well
1.1.1.4. Protection and advancement of women’s human rights remains a central foreign policy priority for Canada
1.1.1.5. Canada was one of the first countries to eliminate discrimination
1.1.1.5.1. This important so that women in other countries can be helped as well
1.2. Feminism
1.2.1. Feminism has become a tricky subject to talk about in recent years
1.2.1.1. Most are for feminism which is the fight for equal rights between men and women
1.2.1.1.1. Many more young women have gotten involved in fighting for feminsim
1.2.1.1.2. There are much more ways to get educated on feminism than there once was
1.2.1.1.3. More women are taking an interest in feminism along with men
1.2.1.1.4. Feminist activist groups have gotten women many rights over the years
2. World War One
2.1. Before WW1
2.1.1. Women
2.1.1.1. Women's Rights
2.1.1.1.1. Women didn't start their protests for the right to vote until after WW1
2.1.1.1.2. Women's National Committee helped women's rights greatly
2.1.1.1.3. Women had other protests
2.1.1.2. Women worked basic labour jobs
2.1.1.2.1. Teahcer
2.1.1.2.2. Seamstress
2.1.1.2.3. Bell Operators
2.2. During WW1
2.2.1. Women Voting
2.2.1.1. First time women got to vote in 1917
2.2.1.1.1. Conscription Crisis
2.2.1.2. In 1917 women in British Columbia and Ontario are allowed to vote in provincial elections
2.2.1.2.1. This lead to an even stronger fight for women's right to vote
2.2.1.3. Women in Manitoba got the right to vote for the first time in 1916
2.2.1.3.1. This was a huge victory for women's rights
2.2.1.4. On May 24, 1918 all female citizens age 21 and over were allowed to vote in Canada
2.2.2. Women Working
2.2.2.1. Women took over men's jobs
2.2.2.1.1. They worked in factories
2.2.2.1.2. They worked as railway guards
2.2.2.1.3. They worked as ticker collectors
2.2.2.1.4. They worked as police
2.2.2.1.5. They worked as firefighters
2.2.2.1.6. They worked in stores
2.2.2.1.7. 2400 Canadian women took jobs at military hospitals
2.3. After WW1
2.3.1. Women's movement for more rights
2.3.1.1. Women had, had a taste of what having rights was like and they did not want to let it go
2.3.1.1.1. Many other protests broke out and the fight for equal rights for women really began
2.3.2. Men came back
2.3.2.1. Men expected to come back to their jobs and things would go back to normal
2.3.2.1.1. Women did not want to give up their jobs
2.3.2.1.2. Women did not want to go back to cooking and cleaning
2.3.2.1.3. wanted real job and get payed equally
2.3.3. Prohibition
2.3.3.1. Prohibition is the banning of all alcohol
2.3.3.1.1. After WW1 men were damaged and scared from what had happened in the war, rather than work and provide for their families they drank
3. The 1920's
3.1. The Person's case
3.1.1. The Person's case was the fight for women to be considered people
3.1.1.1. They would be able to run for Parliament
3.1.1.1.1. Parliament is a legislative elected body of government
3.1.1.2. They would be able to participate equally in with men in politics and affairs of state
3.1.1.3. They would be able to hold a seat in the Senate
3.1.1.3.1. The Senate of Canada is a component to the Parliament of Canada
3.1.1.4. This case was fought by five Canadian women known as the Famous 5
3.1.1.5. The Canadian government used the excuse that women weren't considered people under the British North America Act
3.1.1.5.1. The Famous 5 challenged the BNA Act to Canada's Supreme Court
3.1.2. The Famous 5 then took their case to the Privy Council in England deciding that Canada didn't hold any power over this
3.1.2.1. Woman became a real "person"
3.1.2.1.1. This lead to the first women, Carine Wilson to be appointed to the Canadian Senate
3.1.3. The Famous 5
3.1.3.1. Henrietta Muir Edwards
3.1.3.1.1. Born December 18, 1849, Montreal
3.1.3.1.2. Died November 10, 1931, Fort Macleod
3.1.3.1.3. founded the Victorian Order of Nurses
3.1.3.1.4. Part of the Famous 5
3.1.3.2. Nellie Mcclung
3.1.3.2.1. Was a Canadian feminist, politician, author, and social activist
3.1.3.2.2. She was a part of the social and moral reform movements prevalent in Western Canada in the early 1900s
3.1.3.2.3. Born October 20, 1873, Chatsworth, Ontario
3.1.3.2.4. Died September 1, 1951, Victoria
3.1.3.2.5. She married Robert McClung (m. 1896–19510
3.1.3.2.6. Her party was the Alberta Liberal Party
3.1.3.2.7. Nellie Mcclung had five children Horace McClung, Florance McClung, Paul McClung, Mark McClung, Jack McClung
3.1.3.3. Lousie Mckinny
3.1.3.3.1. Was a provincial politician and women's rights activist from Alberta, Canada
3.1.3.3.2. Born September 22, 1868, Elizabethtown-Kitley, Leeds and Grenville United Counties
3.1.3.3.3. Died July 10, 1931, Clareshole
3.1.3.3.4. Her party was the Alberta Non-Partisan League
3.1.3.4. Irene Parlby
3.1.3.4.1. Canadian women's farm leader, activist and politician
3.1.3.4.2. Part of the Famous 5
3.1.3.4.3. Born January 9, 1868, London, United Kingdom
3.1.3.4.4. Died July 12, 1965, Red Deer
3.1.3.4.5. Her party was the United Farmers of Alberta
3.1.3.5. Emily Murphy
3.1.3.5.1. Canadian women's rights activist
3.1.3.5.2. Part of the Famous 5
3.1.3.5.3. Born March 14, 1868, Innisfi, Canada
3.1.3.5.4. Died October 17, 1933, Edmonton, Canada
3.1.3.5.5. She became an author of three books
3.1.3.5.6. By 1916 she was the first female magistrate in Canada, and in the British Empire
3.1.3.5.7. She went to school at Bishop Strachan School
3.2. Women's Fashion
3.2.1. Women's fashion changed drastically in the 1920's
3.2.1.1. Certain women were refered to as Flappers
3.2.1.1.1. wore shorter dresses
3.2.1.1.2. smoked
3.2.1.1.3. vote
3.2.1.1.4. drank
3.2.1.1.5. They wore make up
3.2.1.1.6. Short hair
3.2.1.1.7. They danced
3.2.1.1.8. Flappers went against everything older generations taught them
3.3. Women's Rights
3.3.1. Women's rights did change quite drastically
3.3.1.1. Divorce was made easier
3.3.1.1.1. Divorce rates doubled
3.3.1.2. They could vote
3.3.1.3. Most women were still houswives
3.3.1.4. By the end of the decade women were involved more in politics
3.3.1.4.1. Women were represented by local, state, and national political committees
4. The 1930's (The Great Depression)
4.1. Women married with children
4.1.1. Married women found themselves back in their housewife position
4.1.1.1. The higher paying jobs during this time were often very labor intensive
4.1.1.1.1. Working at the docks
4.1.1.1.2. Working in factories
4.1.1.1.3. Work as coal miners
4.1.1.1.4. Working in consrtuction
4.1.1.2. Men were wanted more for work
4.1.1.2.1. Men were still thought to be the better option when it came to work
4.1.1.3. Women accepted going back to this role during this time peroid
4.1.1.3.1. Women understood that men were stronger and could do the higher paying jobs quicker
4.1.1.3.2. Most of the time stayed home
4.1.2. They took care of the children
4.1.2.1. Women tried to keep their children in school
4.1.2.1.1. Many children were pulled out of school to work
4.1.2.2. Women made sure their children didn't get sick
4.1.2.2.1. Sicknesses were spread easier during this time
4.1.2.3. Women made sure that their children ate
4.1.2.3.1. Women tried to give smaller portions of food to their children with out starving them
4.1.3. They struggled to make ends meet
4.1.3.1. Women made sure that there was enough food to eat
4.1.3.1.1. Many women found recipes that could be used to not waste food
4.1.3.2. Women made sure bills were paid
4.1.3.2.1. During the 1930s many people got their electricity and water cut off, since they couldn't afford
4.2. Single women
4.2.1. Single women struggled a lot during this time
4.2.1.1. Women and jobs
4.2.1.1.1. Women found it very hard to find jobs
4.2.1.1.2. Women were stilled paid less than men
4.2.1.1.3. They often sold fruits and vegetables or other goods on street corners to try and make money
4.2.2. Society in the 1930s
4.2.2.1. Single women were harshly judged during in this time
4.2.2.1.1. Standing in bread lines for food caused them to gain many judgmental stares
4.2.2.1.2. When they did manage to get a job they were harassed profusely
4.2.2.2. Norman Cousins a political journalist went as far to say that women caused the depression
4.2.2.2.1. He noticed the number of employed women equaled the number of unemployed
4.2.2.3. People believed women with jobs were taking away the work and money from men
4.2.2.3.1. They were often pressured to give up their jobs to family men
4.3. Women's Voting
4.3.1. Women voted during the 1930s
4.3.1.1. They voted R. B. Bennet out of office in 1935
4.3.1.1.1. The man they voted as PM in 1930
4.3.1.2. They voted Mackenzie King as their PM in the October of 1935
4.3.1.2.1. Longest PM
4.3.1.2.2. Canada came out of depression
4.3.1.2.3. Canada got indepence
5. 1950s-1980s
5.1. 1950s
5.1.1. Women in polotics
5.1.1.1. The first woman to become mayor of a major city is Charlotte Whitton, the mayor of Ottawa in 1951
5.1.1.2. Elsie Knott, member of the Objibwa tribe, is the first Native woman elected chief in 1952
5.1.1.3. Restrictions on the employment of married women in the federal public service are removed in 1955
5.1.1.4. Ellen Fairclough is the first woman to become a federal cabinet
5.2. 1960s
5.2.1. The Food and Drug Administration approves birth control pills
5.2.1.1. This was huge for women because this restriction forced women to only be sexually active while married
5.2.2. The development of Feminism
5.2.2.1. Betty Friedan published her highly influential book, The book was a best seller
5.2.2.1.1. Friedan was social reformer and feminist who lived from1921–2006
5.2.2.1.2. Her book empowered many women to believe that they could be more than a housewife in a time when that's what they were pressured to be
5.2.2.2. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act bars discrimination in employment on the basis of race and sex.
5.2.2.3. The largest women's right group is the National Organizations for women who want to end sexual discrimination
5.2.2.4. The EEOC rules that sex-segregated help wanted ads in newspapers are illegal. Opened more higher payed jobs to woman
5.2.2.5. Manitoba becomes the first province to adopt a "no fault" divorce law.
5.3. 1970s
5.3.1. Women's Rights and Politics
5.3.1.1. n Schultz v. Wheaton Glass Co., a Canadian Court of Appeals rules that jobs held by men and women need to be "substantially equal" but not "identical" to fall under the protection of the Equal Pay Act.
5.3.1.2. The first federal minister responsible for the status of women is appointed, Robert Andras who was the 1st of 7 men.
5.3.1.3. Rosemary Brown became the first black women elected to provincial office in Canada. She was an MLA in B.C. for 14 years in 1972
5.3.1.3.1. Also, Monique Begin was elected to House of Commons from Quebec and Pauline McGibbon was appointed Lieutenant-governor in Ontario, the first for any province in 1972
5.4. 1980s
5.4.1. Womens Rights and Politics
5.4.1.1. Bertha Wilson appointed to the Supreme Court in 1982
5.4.1.2. Daurene Lewis first black woman mayor in North America .
5.4.1.3. The federal employment equity Act is passed in 1986
5.4.1.4. The Supreme Court struck down all legal restrictions to abortion in Canada
5.4.1.5. Audrey McLaughlin won leadership of the federal NDP in 1989
5.4.1.6. the Canadian Armed Forces allowed women to serve in almost all occupations, including infantry and fighter jets in 1989