The 10,000-Hour Rule

1. Bill Gates

1.1. Early opportunity to learn real-time programming as an eighth grader

1.2. Programming practically nonstop for seven consecutive years.

1.3. Experience in Lakeside, C-Cubed, ISI, and the University of Washington

2. The Beatles

2.1. "The Hamburg crucible is one of the things that set the Beatles apart" (50)

2.2. The experience playing all night long, eight hours and seven days a week.

2.3. An enormous amount of numbers, learning diverse genre of music in the Hamburg.

3. Bill Joy

3.1. Practicing much harder and harder in the University of Michigan

3.2. Opportunity to be an expert of computer programming make him successful.

3.3. Opportunity to rewrite UNIX, which was a software system for mainframe computers.

4. Success

4.1. "Achievement is talent plus preparation."

4.2. Outliers: the beneficiaries of some kind of unusual opportunity

4.3. A combination of ability, opportunity, and utterly arbitrary advantage.