No Time for Childhood

1. Growing Violence on the Streets

1.1. social segregation

1.2. "city of walls"

1.3. discourses on and fear of crime

1.3.1. legitimize private/illegal reactions

1.3.2. organization of death squads

1.3.3. street children

2. Street Children

2.1. urban violence

2.2. children are recruited

2.3. dirty work

2.4. illicit activities

2.5. restricted/lesser sentences '

3. "Nurtured Children" vs. "Nurturing Children"

3.1. "nurtured"--> coddled progeny

3.1.1. middle class

3.2. "nurturing"--> poorer children

3.2.1. early age- serious responsibilities

3.2.2. bring in resources

3.2.3. nurture household

3.2.4. moral obligations

4. Street Life

4.1. betrayal of their role in matrifocal household

4.2. undernourished

4.3. poverty

4.4. hygiene

5. "Child-Circulation"

5.1. "child-shifting"

6. Therapeutic Discourse

6.1. psychoanalysis

6.2. ethos toward child rearing

6.3. psychobabble of liberationist

6.4. middle class as beneficiaries of modernization

6.5. scientific psychology

7. Gloria's Punishments

7.1. eating shit

7.2. parading around sucking on a urine stained bedsheets

7.3. burning hands on stove for stealing

7.4. for protection

7.4.1. in line and out of prison

7.4.2. "honest" work

7.4.3. NOT dead in the streets

7.5. being cruel in order to be kind

8. Laughter

8.1. "funny stories" about pain and tragedy

8.2. shared emotional aesthetic of black humor

9. Honest Work vs. Streets

9.1. HONEST:

9.1.1. situations close to slavery

9.1.2. humiliating and repulsive

9.1.3. little chance of advancement

9.1.4. obedience

9.1.5. subservience

9.2. GANG CULTURE:

9.2.1. oppositional culture

9.2.2. early death of participants