1. Philosophy of Education
1.1. existentialism
1.1.1. 1. Generic Notions - they believe that each person is put on this earth individually. We are to each find our own way and learn as we go making things work on our own.
1.1.2. 2. Key Researchers - Soren Kierkegaard, Martin Buber, Karl Jasperes
1.1.3. 3. Goal of Education - puts a lot of emphasis and stress on showing the kids to just be themselves. Focusing on each child's needs is important.
1.1.4. 4. Role of Teacher - As a teacher we should reflect on the past and see areas where we can learn from and grow and pass that on to our students.
1.1.5. 5. Method of Instruction - they teach each student differently according to his/her needs. They don't think that a whole class should be taught one way.
1.1.6. 6. Curriculum - Literature and Arts classes are at the top of the list. Those classes get the students emotionally involved and intrigued.
2. Schools as Organizations
2.1. Boaz City School District: State senator - Richard Shelby. House of Representatives - Robert Aderholt. State Superintendent - Tommy Bice. School representative - Cynthia McCarly. Boaz Superintendent - Shannon Stanley.
2.2. school processes and school cultures: culture change is very hard. It requires a lot of patience, skill, and goodwill.
3. curriculum and pedagogy
3.1. curriculumThe social efficiency cuuriculum I believe is the best because it is based on the belief that different groups of students should have different schooling. Being a special education major I think this is wonderful! All kinds are not on the same academic level therefore the curriculum should be adapted for each student. They base the curriculum for each student off of their performance on standardized tests. This theory is up for debate though because it is a concern for many people that they are separating the students.
3.2. Two dominant teaching traditions:
3.2.1. 1. The mimetic tradition is focused on transmitting knowledge through lectures and presentations. The teacher having a relationship with each student and the goal is to improve educational achievement.
3.2.2. 2. The transformative tradition is a lot different than the mimetic tradition in the fact that they don't believe knowledge is the most important aspect. The goal of this tradition is to change each student intellectually, creatively, spiritually, and emotionally. Teaching is viewed as an art.
4. Equality of Opportunity
4.1. Class, race, and gender greatly affect educational outcomes. Lower class students usually don't get as much education as middle and upper class students. The amount of books in a child's home affects this and money is the biggest factor in this. Student's race determines how much he/she is likely to achieve. The minority is more likely to drop out than to finish school. Females are less likely to drop out of school and typically have a higher reading and writing achievement.
4.2. Coleman study responses:
4.2.1. 1. The differences in public and catholic schools are great in some aspects but in learning they are not all that different.
4.2.2. 2. The race and socioeconomic status has a high impact on school achievement.
5. Educational Inequality
5.1. One of the types is that the culture of poverty suffers from being at a disadvantage because they are not raised with the proper skills to be able to achieve. They are taught to not view school as social mobility, reject hard work, and practice delayed gratification to get immediate rewards. Also, a criticism of this theory is that he failure that many programs have had being with the level of achievements. Programs with compensation have not improved the academic performance of students at a disadvantage.
5.2. 1. School Financing is a big explanation for school inequality. Public schools in inner cities versus in affluent suburbs have major differences in funding. I would have thought they would have been the same but it based off of taxes. Property taxes go toward public school funding. There is bigger and nicer properties in the affluent areas therefore they get more money. It isn't really a fair set up but that is the way that it is. 2. Effective School Research is dependent on whether or not student differences are more important than school differences or not. It is the concern of nonwhite and the working class being doing poorly due to going to a lower school. 3. Curriculum and ability grouping is a big debate on whether or not it is beneficial to split up the students according to their performance on tests. 4. Gender is an issue because females have limited opportunities and life chances in school.
6. Politics of Education
6.1. Perspective
6.1.1. 1. The role of the school through a liberal's eyes. They believe that everyone should have an equal opportunity. They balance the needs of society and try to allow each student to develop his/her talents.
6.1.2. 2. The liberals know that all students come to school with different strengths. Some have more chances than others and the schools should do what they have too to ensure that all students have equal opportunities.
6.1.3. 3. The liberals define educational problems as their being too much emphasis on on discipline and authority, not including all cultures, and their being too many limited life chances.
6.2. Purpose
6.2.1. 1.Intellectual purpose is to help teach in the core subjects and to help students with order thinking skills.
6.2.2. 2. Political purpose is to help with political order
6.2.3. 3. Social purpose is to help students solve social problems.
6.2.4. 4. Economic purpose is to prepare students for their future career.
7. History of U.S. education
7.1. Reform Movement
7.1.1. I believe that the "No Child Left Behind" reform has been the most influential. I think it stresses that no one is left out or treated unfairly.
7.2. Historical Interpretation
7.2.1. The Democratic-liberal's were very positive about school. They believe that educators should always be moving towards equality and excellence.
8. Sociology of Education
8.1. Relationship between school and society
8.1.1. 1. The functionalist theory believes that schools should socialize students into the appropriate areas and should create a structured environment that will encourage social unity.
8.1.2. 2. Conflict theorists see schools as a battlefield amongst everyone. In schools and in society they see the social struggles.
8.1.3. 3. Interactional theorists analyze the students in a school watching their interactions.
8.2. Five affects of schooling on individuals
8.2.1. 1. Schooling plays a big role on each students' knowledge and attitude. The longer they go to school, it becomes more likely that they will read and get engaged in the world socially after graduation.
8.2.2. 2. Employment is affected greatly by education. More money and getting a job quicker are two advantages to having more schooling and graduating from college.
8.2.3. 3. Students are shaped by their teachers behavior. Teachers have a big impact on students self-esteem.
8.2.4. 4. Inadequate schools set students up bad to begin with. Children that are in low-income schools start out at a disadvantage compared to other children who are in private schools.
8.2.5. 5. Student peer groups also affects the students. It can be very hurtful when talking about who the "cool kids" are and who isn't.