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Chapter 4 by Mind Map: Chapter 4

1. Image file compression

1.1. Lossless compression

1.1.1. Every single bit of data that was originally in the file is uncompressed. All of the information is completely restored

1.2. Lossy compression

1.2.1. Reduces a file by permanently eliminating certain information, especially redundant information.

2. PNG

2.1. Support more than 16.7 million colors.

2.2. Use lossless compression technique

3. GIF

3.1. 8-bit per pixel, bitmap image format commonly used by the world wide web

4. JPEG(Joint photographic Expert Group)

4.1. Commonly used standard method of compression for photographic images

5. Cross-platform formats

5.1. JPEG, GIF, and PNG- Most commonly used format on the Web

6. Macintosh formats

6.1. PICT is a versatile format developed by Apple.

7. Natural light and color models

7.1. Additive color

7.1.1. In the additive color method, a color is created by combining colored light sources in three primary colors-red, green, and blue (RGB)

7.2. Subtractive color

7.2.1. In the substrate color method , color is created by combining colored media such as painted or ink.

7.3. Dithering

7.3.1. Usually, digitized images are 24 bit, 16 million color depth.

8. Vector graphics

8.1. Advantages

8.1.1. Vector images use less memory space

8.2. Disadvantages

8.2.1. Object/drawing cannot have texture

8.2.2. Cannot be used for photorealistic images

8.3. New node

9. Vector drawing

9.1. Vector-drawn graphics

9.1.1. Applications of vector-drawn object

9.1.2. How vector-drawn images work

9.1.3. Vector-drawn image versus bitmaps

9.2. Vector-drawn images are used in the following areas

9.2.1. Computer-aided design (CAD) programs needed by architects and engineers

9.2.2. graphic artist designing for the print media

10. Windows formats

10.1. The most commonly used image file format on Window is DIB, also known as BMP

11. Bitmaps

11.1. Advantages

11.1.1. Can have different textures on the drawing ; detailed and comprehensive

11.2. Disadvantages

11.2.1. Large file size

11.2.2. Not easy to make modification to objects/drawings

11.2.3. Resizing a bit mapped image requires either duplicating pixels

11.2.4. Graphics become "blocky" when the size is increased.

12. Still image

12.1. Bitmaps(raster)

12.1.1. Bitmap is a simple matrix of the tiny dots that form an image and are displayed on a screen or printed