Chapter 13: The Rise of Totalitarianism

1. The bloody Sunday

1.1. the name given to the events of Sunday, 22 January [O.S. 9 January] 1905 in St Petersburg, Russia, when unarmed demonstrators led by Father Georgy Gapon were fired upon by soldiers of the Imperial Guard as they marched towards the Winter Palace to present a petition to Tsar Nicholas II of Russia.

2. a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split apart

3. Adolf Hitler

3.1. German Nazi dictator during World War II

4. Joseph Stalin

4.1. Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)

5. Pol Pot

5.1. Cambodian political leader whose Khmer Rouge movement overthrew the Cambodian government in 1975.

6. Russian Revolution

6.1. A revolution in Russia in 1917–1918, also called the October Revolution, that overthrew the czar and brought the Bolsheviks, a Communist party led by Lenin, to power.

7. Bolshevick Party

8. Communist Party

8.1. a political party that advocates the application of the social and economic principles of communism through state policy.

9. That Czar Nicholas II

9.1. The last czar of Russia (1894-1917), whose reign was marked by defeat in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)

10. Logical Fallacy

10.1. the concept of making an error in terms of reasoning.

11. false arguments

12. Demagogue

12.1. a political leader who seeks support by appealing to popular desires and prejudices rather than by using rational argument.

13. Terror Famine

13.1. was a man-made famine in Soviet Ukraine in 1932 and 1933 that killed an estimated 2.5–7.5 million Ukrainians,

14. Philip Zimbardo

14.1. Psychologist conducted an infamous psychological study at Stanford University which showed that ordinary people could adopt violent & inhumane actions within a matter of days given the right circumstances, helping shed light on why violent & vil men like Stalin & Hitler were able to gain followers & support

15. Benito Mussolini

15.1. Was the Fascist dictator of Italy from 1922-1945 and an ally of Adolph Hitler

16. Totalitarian regimes

16.1. Governments that would use police terror to control